The present invention provides an optical composition from which an optical article having reduced poor appearance such as cloudiness and optical strain during lens base material production can be obtained, and when a photochromic compound is added, a photochromic cured body having excellent photochromism and mechanical strength can also be formed, and a polyrotaxane used therefor. The polyrotaxane has a composite molecular structure formed of an axle molecule and a plurality of cyclic molecules clathrating the axle molecule, satisfying at least one of (X) and (Y). (X): A side chain having a secondary or tertiary hydroxyl group is introduced into at least part of the cyclic molecule of the polyrotaxane. (Y): A side chain having a group represented by -A (A is an organic group, and contains at least one hydroxyl group) is introduced into at least part of the cyclic molecule of the polyrotaxane, and a pKa of the hydroxyl group of the compound represented by H-A is 6 or more and less than 14.

The present invention relates to a microballoon. The microballoon is made of polyurethane (urea). The microballoon is characterized in that an inner surface of the microballoon contains ionic groups. According to the present invention, through use for a CMP polishing pad, affinity with a slurry liquid for polishing is improved, and thus it is possible to provide a microballoon by which good polishing characteristics may be exhibited without lowering the resin strength of a polishing pad.

This document discloses algae-derived flexible foams, whether open-cell or closed-cell, with inherent antimicrobial and flame resistant properties, wherein a process of manufacturing includes the steps of: harvesting algae-biomass; sufficiently drying the algae biomass; blending the dried algae biomass with a carrier resin and various foaming ingredients; adding an algal-derived antimicrobial compound selected from various natural sulfated polysaccharides present in brown algae, red algae, and/or certain seaweeds (marine microalgae); and adding a sufficient quantity of dried algae biomass to the formulation to adequately create a fire resistant flexible foam material.

Described herein are anti-microbial and UV-protective biological devices and extracts produced therefrom. The biological devices include microbial cells transformed with a DNA construct containing genes for producing proteins such as, for example, zinc-related protein/oxidase, silicatein, silaffin, and alcohol dehydrogenase. In some instances, the biological devices also include a gene for lipase. Methods for producing and using the devices are also described herein. Finally, compositions and methods for using the devices and extracts to kill microbial species or prevent microbial growth and to reduce or prevent UV-induced damage or exposure to materials, items, plants, and human and animal subjects are described herein. Also disclosed are biological devices producing polyactive carbohydrates and carbo sugars, as well as compositions and articles incorporating both extracts from these devices and the anti-microbial and UV-protective extracts.

A binder has at least one isocyanate and at least one biopolymer mixed with water. The biopolymer may be a biopolymer nanoparticle or cooked and chemically modified starch. Optionally, the binder may also include urea. The biopolymer and water are mixed, and the isocyanate is added to the mixture. The binder may have a viscosity that is suitable for being sprayed on a substrate to make a composite material, for example a viscosity of 700 cP or less or 500 cP or less at 40° C. The substrate may be wood, another lignocellulosic material, or synthetic or natural fibers. In particular examples, the binder is used to make no added formaldehyde wood composites including particle board and fiberboard. Alternatively, the binder may have a higher viscosity and be used to make plywood.

The present disclosure relates to compositions A composition comprising a polymerization product of an anionic polysaccharide, a diisocyanate, and a linker, wherein the linker comprises i) an ether group, an ester group, or a combination thereof and, ii) a chain extender comprising a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, an amine group, or a combination thereof. The disclosure further relates to medical devices comprising the aforementioned compositions, and to methods of using the compositions and devices. More particularly, the compositions, devices and methods described herein are useful for preventing protein adhesions in vivo, particularly the Vroman effect.

The present disclosure relates to compositions A composition comprising a polymerization product of an anionic polysaccharide, a diisocyanate, and a linker, wherein the linker comprises i) an ether group, an ester group, or a combination thereof and, ii) a chain extender comprising a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, an amine group, or a combination thereof. The disclosure further relates to medical devices comprising the aforementioned compositions, and to methods of using the compositions and devices. More particularly, the compositions, devices and methods described herein are useful for preventing protein adhesions in vivo, particularly the Vroman effect.

A method is described for inhibiting marine fouling on a surface. The surface is contacted with a composition comprising a waterborne polyurethane that is crosslinked with an acrylic acid functionalized polysaccharide, water, and a preservative. The composition is then dried to form a deposited film. The polysaccharide may be xanthan.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member, which is suppressed in occurrence of fogging and is excellent in abrasion resistance. In the electrophotographic photosensitive member, an outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a polymerized product of a composition comprising at least a polyrotaxane and a monomer having a polymerizable reactive group, and a chain molecule of the polyrotaxane has two blocking groups at both terminals thereof, and a (meth)acryloyloxy group of a cyclic molecule of the polyrotaxane forms a bond.

The invention provides hydrogel, wherein the hydrogel has a supramolecular cross-linked network obtainable or obtained from the complexation of an aqueous composition including a host, such as cucurbituril, and one or more polymers having suitable guest functionality. One or more polymers in the aqueous composition may have a molecular weight of 50 kDa or more, such as 200 kDa or more. The hydrogel may hold a component, such as a therapeutic compound or a biological molecule. The hydrogels are suitable for use in medicine.