In an example, a process of forming a flame-retardant polyurethane material includes chemically reacting a polyisocyanate (that includes at least three isocyanate groups) with a phosphonate that includes at least one hydroxyl group to form a polyisocyanate-phosphonate compound. The process also includes forming a mixture that includes the polyisocyanate-phosphonate compound and a polyol. The process further includes polymerizing the mixture to form a flame-retardant polyurethane material.

The present invention relates to a photochromic article that includes a substrate and a photochromic layer formed from a curable photochromic composition. The photochromic composition includes a polyol component that includes a polycarbonate diol, an isocyanate component that includes an unblocked polyfunctional isocyanate and/or a blocked polyfunctional isocyanate, and at least one photochromic compound. The equivalents ratio of blocked/unblocked isocyanate equivalents of the isocyanate component to hydroxyl equivalents of the polyol component is at least 5:1. The photochromic article exhibits a T.sub.1/2 (Fade Half Life) at 23° C. of less than or equal to 70 seconds.

The invention relates to a process for producing polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups, the products obtainable or obtained by said process and also to the use thereof as starting component for producing polyurethane plastics. The invention further relates to coating compositions comprising polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups and also to the substrates coated with said coating compositions.

The present invention relates to a modified polyisocyanate and use thereof, in particular as a crosslinking component of water-soluble or water-dispersible coatings. The modified polyisocyanate is obtained by a reaction of a system comprising the following components: at least an aminosulfonic acid; at least a polyisocyanate; at least a tertiary amine; and optionally a polyether alcohol containing an ethylene oxide group. The modified polyisocyanate comprises at least an iminooxadiazinedione structure and at least an isocyanurate structure, the weight ratio of the iminooxadiazinedione structure to the isocyanurate structure being 1:300 to 1:5. The amount of sulfonate group of the modified polyisocyanate is 0.75% by weight to 1.1% by weight, based on the amount of the modified polyisocyanate as 100% by weight. The viscosity thereof is 500 mPa.Math.s to 10000 mPa.Math.s, as determined according to DIN EN ISO 3219:1994-10 at a temperature of 23° C. and a shear rate of 10 s.sup.−1. The coating comprising the modified polyisocyanate of the present invention can be manually stirred well, and the resulting coating layer has high gloss and good transparency.

A water-dispersible polyisocyanate contains an isocyanate group and a sulfone group. The water-dispersible polyisocyanate contains a reaction product of a polyisocyanate component and a hydrophilic active hydrogen component. The polyisocyanate component contains a bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane derivative. The hydrophilic active hydrogen component contains a sulfone group-containing active hydrogen compound. The bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane derivative contains an allophanate derivative and an isocyanurate derivative. The allophanate derivative is contained in an amount of 25% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less relative to the total amount of the allophanate derivative and the isocyanurate derivative.

The present invention relates to a modified polyisocyanate and use thereof, in particular as a crosslinking component of water-soluble or water-dispersible coatings. The modified polyisocyanate is obtained by a reaction of a system comprising the following components: at least an aminosulfonic acid; at least a polyisocyanate; at least a tertiary amine; and optionally a polyether alcohol containing an ethylene oxide group. The modified polyisocyanate comprises at least an iminooxadiazinedione structure and at least an isocyanurate structure, the weight ratio of the iminooxadiazinedione structure to the isocyanurate structure being 1:300 to 1:5. The amount of sulfonate group of the modified polyisocyanate is 0.75% by weight to 1.1% by weight, based on the amount of the modified polyisocyanate as 100% by weight. The viscosity thereof is 500 mPa.Math.s to 10000 mPa.Math.s, as determined according to DIN EN ISO 3219:1994-10 at a temperature of 23° C. and a shear rate of 10 s.sup.−1. The coating comprising the modified polyisocyanate of the present invention can be manually stirred well, and the resulting coating layer has high gloss and good transparency.

The invention relates to a process for producing polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups, the products obtainable or obtained by said process and also to the use thereof as starting component for producing polyurethane plastics. The invention further relates to coating compositions comprising polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups and also to the substrates coated with said coating compositions.

The present invention relates to a hydrophilizing agent for producing a self-emulsifying polyisocyanate composition, the hydrophilizing agent comprising an anionic compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein X represents a sulfo group or a hydroxysulfonyloxy group, R.sup.1 represents a straight-chain or branched alkylene group, and R.sup.2 represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group; the total number of carbon atoms included in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is 6 or more and less than 14, and one or two or more carbon atoms in the groups R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are optionally replaced with an oxygen atom(s).

The invention relates to a process for producing polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups, the products obtainable by said process and also to the use thereof as starting component for producing polyurethane plastics. The invention further relates to coating compositions comprising polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups and also to the substrates coated with said coating compositions.

The invention relates to a process for producing polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups, the products obtainable by said process and also to the use thereof as starting component for producing polyurethane plastics. The invention further relates to coating compositions comprising polyisocyanates containing sulfonate groups and also to the substrates coated with said coating compositions.