Solvent-linked porous covalent organic polymers (COPs) and a method of preparing the same are described. The porous covalent organic polymers are linked by a solvent and are thus suitable for the transportation and storage of natural gas. A method of preparing the porous covalent organic polymers by conducting alkylation polymerization between an aromatic monomer and a chlorine-based solvent in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst is described. Porous stretchable covalent organic polymers having pores with various sizes can be synthesized simply and quickly at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without a heating or purification step. The covalent organic polymers have very high natural gas storage capacity due to the flexible porous network structure thereof and thus are suitable for storage and transportation of natural gas and useful as a natural gas adsorbent.

A composition which is useful for producing a light emitting device having excellent external quantum efficiency contains two or more compounds represented by the formula (C-1) and a phosphorescent compound, in which at least one of the compounds represented by the formula (C-1) is a compound in which R.sup.C is a group represented by the formula (C′-1). ##STR00001##
Ring R.sup.1C and Ring R.sup.2C represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic hetero ring. R.sup.C represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a group represented by the formula (C′-1). ##STR00002##
Ring R.sup.3C and Ring R.sup.4C represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic hetero ring. R.sup.C′ represents a carbon atom, a silicon atom, a germanium atom, a tin atom or a lead atom.

A polymer, a quantum dot composition, and a light-emitting device employing the same are provided. The polymer includes a first repeat unit that has a structure represented by Formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein the definitions of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and Z.sup.1 and n are as defined in the specification.

A polymer and a light-emitting device employing the same are provided. The polymer includes a first repeat unit with a structure represented by Formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein the definitions of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and Z.sup.1 and n are as defined in the specification. At least one of A.sup.1, A.sup.2, and A.sup.3 is not hydrogen.

An organic electronic material containing a charge transport compound having at least one of the structural regions represented by formulas (1), (2) and (3) shown below. In the formulas, Ar represents an arylene group or heteroarylene group of 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents an integer of 1 to 6, b represents an integer of 2 to 6, c represents an integer of 2 to 6, and X represents a substituted or unsubstituted polymerizable functional group.
—Ar—O—(CH.sub.2).sub.a—O—CH.sub.2—X  (1)
—Ar—(CH.sub.2).sub.b—O—CH.sub.2—X  (2)
—Ar—O—(CH.sub.2).sub.c—X  (3)

Provided are: a resist underlayer film formation composition combining high etching resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent coating properties; a resist underlayer film in which the resist underlayer film formation composition is used and a method for manufacturing the resist underlayer film; a method for forming a resist pattern; and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device. The resist underlayer film formation composition is characterized by including the compound represented by Formula (1), or a polymer derived from the compound represented by Formula (1) (where: AA represents a single bond or a double bond; X.sup.1 represents —N(R.sup.1)—; X.sup.2 represents —N(R.sup.2)—; X.sup.3 represents —CH(R.sup.3)—; X.sup.4 represents —CH(R.sup.4)— etc.; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 represent hydrogen atoms, C1-20 straight chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups, etc.; R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 represent hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups, alkyl groups, etc.; R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 represent benzene rings or naphthalene rings; and n and o are 0 or 1). A semiconductor device is manufactured by: coating the composition on a semiconductor substrate, firing the coated composition, and forming a resist underlayer film; forming a resist film thereon with an inorganic resist underlayer film interposed therebetween selectively as desired; forming a resist pattern by irradiating light or electron radiation and developing; etching the underlayer film using the resist pattern; and processing the semiconductor substrate using the patterned underlayer film.

The present application relates to a photoactive composition comprising a blend of polymers. The present application further relates to an organic photovoltaic cell or an organic photodetector comprising a photoactive layer consisting of said photoactive composition.

A light emitting device having excellent luminance life contains an anode, a cathode, a first organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and a second organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The first organic layer contains a compound represented by the formula (C-1), and the second organic layer contains a compound represented by the formula (C-1) and a cross-linked body of a crosslinkable material. ##STR00001##
Ring R.sup.1C and Ring R.sup.2C represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic hetero ring and R.sup.C represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a group represented by the formula (C′-1). ##STR00002##
Ring R.sup.3C and Ring R.sup.4C represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic hetero ring and R.sup.C′ represents a carbon atom, a silicon atom, a germanium atom, a tin atom or a lead atom.

According to the present invention, options for materials for organic devices such as materials for organic EL elements are increased by addition of a cycloalkane, by condensation, to a polycyclic aromatic compound in which a plurality of aromatic rings are linked together by boron atoms, oxygen atoms, and the like. By using a novel cycloalkane-condensed polycyclic aromatic compound as a material for an organic EL element, for example, an organic EL element having excellent emission efficiency and element life is provided.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high molecular weight compound that has excellent hole-injecting/transporting performance, is capable of blocking electrons, and is highly stable in a thin film state. It is another object of the invention to provide a light emitting diode with high luminous efficacy and a long lifespan, containing an organic layer (thin film) made of the above-described high molecular weight compound. The high molecular weight compound according to the present invention includes a repeating unit constituted by a specific triarylamine structural unit and a specific bonding structural unit, and has a weight average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene of 10,000 or more and less than 1,000,000.