The present invention relates to a phenyl-derivative compound substituted with at least two electron acceptors and at least two electron donors. Formula (I) R.sup.AaR.sup.DbR.sup.ScC.sub.6 wherein a is 2, 3 or 4; b is 2, 3 or 4; c is 0, 1 or 2; a+b−c=6; R.sup.A is at each occurrence independently a group with −M-effect; R.sup.B is at each occurrence independently a group with +−M-effect; R.sup.S is as defined in claim 1. Said compound is suited for use in organic electronic devices, particularly in organic electroluminescent devices.

Provided are a polymer semiconductor including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, a stretchable polymer thin film including the same, and an electronic device.

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Definitions of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2 are as described in the detailed description.

A method for forming an electrochromic polymer block includes: forming each of reaction units by reacting two or more electron-donor groups, wherein each of the reaction units includes (i) a first backbone formed by the two or more electron-donor groups and (ii) at least one reactive functional group connected to each end of the first backbone; and forming the electrochromic polymer block by reacting at least two of the reaction units with acid-catalyzed cationic polymerization, wherein the electrochromic polymer block includes a second backbone formed by two or more of the first backbones.

The present invention discloses an organic polymer having an asymmetric structure, a preparation method thereof and a use as a photoelectric material thereof. The organic polymer with an asymmetric structure is obtained by polymerization after performing Stille coupling reaction between an electron-donating unit D and an electron-withdrawing unit A in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst. The compound of the present application has good heat stability, controllable absorption level, and is suitable for the preparation of hole transport materials of high-performance perovskite solar cells with high efficiency, flexibility, good stability and a large area as well as donor materials of organic solar cells.

A material comprising an electron-accepting unit of formula (I): wherein Ar1 and Ar2 independently is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or is absent; and each X is independently H or a substituent with the proviso that at least one X is an electron-withdrawing group and wherein X groups bound to adjacent carbon atoms may be linked to form an electron-withdrawing group. The material further comprises an electron-donating unit D comprising a fused or unfused furan or thiophene. The material may be a polymer comprising repeat units of formula (I). The material may be a non-polymeric compound. An organic photodetector may contain a bulk heterojunction layer containing an electron acceptor or an electron donor wherein at least one of the electron acceptor and electron donor contains a unit of formula (I).

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An organic semiconducting compound and an organic photoelectric component containing the same are provided. The organic semiconducting compound has a novel chemical structure to make the organic semiconducting compound have good response to the infrared light. The organic semiconducting compound can be applied to the organic photoelectric components such as organic photodetector (OPD), organic photovoltaic (OPV) cell, and organic field-effect transistor (OFET). Thus, the organic photoelectric components have better light absorption range and photoelectric response while in use.

A polymer comprising an electron-donating repeat unit of formula (I) and an electron-accepting repeat unit: -(A).sub.n- (I) wherein A in each occurrence is independently a group of formula (II): Y in each occurrence is independently O or S. Z is O, S or NR.sup.3 wherein R.sup.3 is H or a substituent. R.sup.1 in each occurrence is independently H or a substituent. R.sup.2 in each occurrence is independently a substituent, n is at least 2. The polymer may be used as an electron-donating polymer in combination with an electron-accepting material in a bulk heterojunction layer of an organic photodetector.

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A method of identifying a target analyte in which a sample containing a light-emitting marker configured to bind to the target analyte is irradiated and emission from the light-emitting marker is detected. The light-emitting marker comprises a light-emitting material comprising a group of formula (I): X is one of N and B and Y is the other of N and B; Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 independently are an unsubstituted or substituted an aromatic or heteroaromatic group which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents. Ar1 and Ar2 bound to the same X group may be linked by a direct bond or a divalent group. The group of formula (I) may be a repeat unit of a light-emitting polymer. The light-emitting marker may be used in flow cytometry.

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A method for preparing a hydrogel includes forming a pre-gel comprising polymer and metal salt particles, unidirectionally-shrinking and dehydrating the pre-gel, and impregnating the unidirectionally shrunk and dehydrated pre-gel with an ion solution to crosslink and rehydrate the unidirectionally shrunk and dehydrated pre-gel to produce the hydrogel.

A solid electrolytic capacitor is obtained by a method comprising dissolving a polymerizable material for being converted into a conductive polymer in a water-soluble organic solvent to obtain a solution, adding the solution to water while homogenizing the solution to obtain a sol, immersing an anode body having a dielectric layer in the surface of the anode body in the sol, and applying voltage using the anode body as a positive electrode and a counter electrode as a negative electrode placed in the sol to electropolymerize the polymerizable material. An electropolymerizable liquid for producing a conductive polymer, the liquid composed of a sol comprising water, a water-soluble organic solvent, and a polymerizable material for being converted into the conductive polymer.