The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high temperature/humidity resistant polycarbonate resin without using bisphenol A as a raw material. The present invention relates to a polycarbonate resin comprising the repeating units of formulas (1), (2) and (3), wherein the content of the repeating unit of formula (3) is 5 mol% to 50 mol%, and the refractive index is 1.570 to 1.600. {In formula (1), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbon group.} {In formula (3), n ranges from 0 to 8, and the R symbols are each selected from C.sub.1-3 alkyl groups}. ##STR00001##

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high temperature/humidity resistant polycarbonate resin without using bisphenol A as a raw material. The present invention relates to a polycarbonate resin comprising the repeating units of formulas (1), (2) and (3), wherein the content of the repeating unit of formula (3) is 5 mol% to 50 mol%, and the refractive index is 1.570 to 1.600. {In formula (1), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbon group.} {In formula (3), n ranges from 0 to 8, and the R symbols are each selected from C.sub.1-3 alkyl groups}. ##STR00001##

Provided is a method of producing a polycarbonate-based resin composition, including mixing an aliphatic polycarbonate-based resin (A) containing a specific repeating unit (A-1), and at least one kind of aromatic thermoplastic resin (S) selected from the group consisting of an aromatic polycarbonate-based resin (B) containing a polycarbonate block formed of a specific repeating unit, an aromatic polyester-based resin (C) having a specific structural unit, and a polyarylate resin (D) having a specific structural unit in the presence of a transesterification catalyst at a temperature at which the resin components melt.

A phase difference film and a circularly polarizing film each achieve suppressed coloration when viewed from the front direction, a smaller difference in tint between views from the front direction and the oblique direction, and suppressed image unevenness, where the film is applied to an image display panel, in particular, an organic EL panel; as well as an image display device including the circularly polarizing film. The phase difference film includes optically anisotropic layers A and B, in which a retardation RthA of layer A in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is larger than 0, layer A exhibits predetermined optical properties, a retardation RthB of layer B in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is smaller than 0, layer B satisfies predetermined optical properties, and the angle formed between a slow axis of the optically anisotropic layers A and B is 90°±10°.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic resin far an optical lens. In order to enable an optical lens designer to use a variety of lenses, the thermoplastic resin should have a low refractive index, a low Abbe number and a water absorption rate similar to that of a polycarbonate resin. The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin which contains repeating units represented by formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3) and which has a refractive index of 1.510-1.570. In formula (I), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1-10 carbon atoms. In formula (3), n is 1-8, R moieties are each independently selected from among a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1-10 carbon atoms.

Provided is a compound represented by General Formula (1)

##STR00001##

in General Formula (1), Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 independently represent a group selected from the following Formulae,

##STR00002##

Provided is a polycarbonate polyol composition comprising an unmodified polycarbonate polyol having a carbonate structure represented by the following formula (A), and a modified polycarbonate polyol having a carbonate structure represented by the following formula (A) and a urethane structure represented by the following formula (B), wherein 90% by mol or more of the total quantity of terminal groups of all the compounds in the composition is hydroxy groups, and the number of functional groups calculated according to the following expression (II) is 2.00 to 10.00:

The number of functional groups=Mn×OHV/56.11/1000   (II)

##STR00001##

A method for synthesizing cyclic carbonate monomers using carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is provided. The method also includes combining reagents to synthesize the cyclic carbonate monomer, the reagents including a substrate that is a 1,X-diol, where X is between 2 and 5, a base that is a tertiary amine, a promoter that is a multidentate, bis-tertiary amine base where nitrogens are separated by 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a solvent, and CO.sub.2.

The present application provides a polycarbonate resin including structural units (A) represented by general formula (1) and structural units (B) represented by general formula (4).

##STR00001##

(In general formula (1), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc., and X represents —O—, etc.)

##STR00002##

(In general formula (4), R.sub.z and R.sub.x each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-3 alkyl group, i represents an integer 3-10 and p represents an integer 5-600.)

Techniques regarding post polymerization modifications to polycarbonate polymers via a flow reactor are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a cyclic carbonate monomer that can be employed to facilitate polymerization of one or more polycarbonate platforms susceptible to post polymerization modification. For instance, one or more embodiments can regard a cyclic carbonate molecular backbone covalently bonded to an aryl halide functional group via in accordance with a chemical structure selected from the group consisting of: ##STR00001##
In the chemical structures, “R.sub.1” can be selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a functional group comprising a first alkyl group; “L” can represent a linkage group, comprising: a second alkyl group and an end group having at least one member selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and a nitrogen atom; and “A” can represent the aryl halide functional group.