A process is provided that results in an alkyl haloacrylate that is produced by reaction of a dialkyl or diaryl halomalonate with an aldehyde, preferably formalin or paraformaldehyde, and a base catalyst to produce an intermediate that is not isolated and is heated to produce the alkyl haloacrylate. This synthesis can be one pot, meaning it reacts in the same vessel and/or reaction mixture and does not require isolation of the intermediate, and provides an improved yield. In particular, a process is provided that results in an alkyl 2-fluoroacrylate.

An electrostatic machine includes a drive electrode and a stator electrode. The drive electrode and the stator electrode are separated by a gap and form a capacitor. The drive electrode is configured to move with respect to the stator electrode. The electrostatic machine further includes a housing configured to enclose the drive electrode and the stator electrode. The stator electrode is fixed to the housing. The electrostatic machine also includes a dielectric fluid that fills a void defined by the housing, the drive electrode, and the stator electrode. The dielectric fluid includes an ester.

Disclosed are an organic ion conductive polymer gel elastomer including a polymer matrix; a plasticizing solvent impregnated into the polymer matrix to plasticize the polymer matrix so that the polymer matrix is in a gel state; and an ion conductive dopant ionized by the plasticizing solvent and dispersed in the polymer matrix, wherein the plasticizing solvent and the ion conductive dopant are non-hydrophilic, and a method of preparing the organic ion conductive polymer gel elastomer.

The invention relates to a method for producing a biodegradable thermoplastic starch-based article intended to come into contact with foodstuffs. In this method, the semi-crystalline starch granules are transformed into a homogeneous and almost amorphous material, called thermoplastic starch, by the addition of plasticizers at high temperatures and under shear. Thermoplastic starch is modified with organic acid during melt processing to prevent the retrogradation of starch. Moreover, cellulose derivatives are used as the reinforcement filler of thermoplastic starch. The article is produced using hot-pressing and then coating by immersion in a waterproofing solution.

An electrostatic machine includes a drive electrode and a stator electrode. The drive electrode and the stator electrode are separated by a gap and form a capacitor. The drive electrode is configured to move with respect to the stator electrode. The electrostatic machine further includes a housing configured to enclose the drive electrode and the stator electrode. The stator electrode is fixed to the housing. The electrostatic machine also includes a dielectric fluid that fills a void defined by the housing, the drive electrode, and the stator electrode. The dielectric fluid includes an ester.

The present application is directed to a nanocomposite organo gel having a continuous polymeric network structure, wherein polymer chains are held together by ionic interaction between polymer chain ends, interparticle chain entanglements, layered silicate surface modifier, ionic salt, and layered silicate. The present application is also directed to methods of making and using the nanocomposite organo gel.

A solvent composition includes an organic solvent including one or more organic solvents (A) and one or more organic solvents (B), and one or more types of core-shell polymer particles each comprising a core layer and a shell layer. The organic sol vents (A) have a polar teen δp of a Hansen solubility parameter of less than 11 and a hydrogen bond term δh of less than 10, and the organic solvents (B) satisfy at least one of 11 or more of the polar term δp or 10 or more of the hydrogen bond term δh. A weight ratio of (A) to (B) ranges from 15:85 to 95:5. Based on a total weight of the solvent composition, a content of the core-shell polymer particles is 20 to 40% by weight and a water content is 1% by weight or less.

The present disclosure is directed to multiphase dispersions and nanaocomposites comprised of continuous matrix or binder and endohedrally impregnated cellular carbon filler. These nanocomposites may exhibit superior mechanical, electrical, thermal, or other properties, and may be used in a variety of products, including hierarchical fiber-reinforced composites with nanocomposite matrices.

A nanocomposite, comprising a carbonaceous perimorph, the perimorph comprising at least one cell. The cell comprises a cell wall possessing an average thickness of less than 100 nm and a morphology evolved from a template. The composite comprises an interior space having a morphology evolved from the template with a diameter between 10 nm and 1,000 nm, and one of a linear structure, a non-linear structure, and an infiltrated endomorph. The endomorph substantially fills the interior space of the perimorph.

This invention provides a method for creating a large-scale of amphiphilic particles. The method includes: adding nanoparticles into a polycarbonate-based solution, adding a surfactant into the solution while performing ultra-sonication to generate polymer precipitation, creating at least one microsphere with the nanoparticles embedded onto it, subjecting the exposed hemisphere of the embedded nanoparticles to a further amphiphilic particles related modification, and dissolving the at least one microsphere in a polycarbonate-based solution in order to free said embedded nanoparticles from the at least one microsphere.