There is provided a method of coating a substrate comprising applying a first mixture where the first mixture reacts to form covalent bonds to the substrate surface and where the unreacted parts of the first mixture undergo diffusive mixing with a second layer, which is applied on top of the first mixture. This avoids creation of a weak layer, which may otherwise give lower adhesion. The adhesion as well as mechanical properties including the scratch resistance are improved.

There is provided a method of coating a substrate comprising applying a first mixture where the first mixture reacts to form covalent bonds to the substrate surface and where the unreacted parts of the first mixture undergo diffusive mixing with a second layer, which is applied on top of the first mixture. This avoids creation of a weak layer, which may otherwise give lower adhesion. The adhesion as well as mechanical properties including the scratch resistance are improved.

A water-based hydrogel polymer coating and a method of application to natural rubber or other elastomeric latex products are provided. The water-based hydrogel polymer is mixed with a blend of at least one elastomeric material to provide a hydrogel polymer blend composition. The water-based hydrogel polymer blend composition is applied in a single application to an elastomeric article, such as gloves, without additional solvents in the polymer blend composition and without a separate acid or chemical priming step. The water-based hydrogel coating herein provides increased lubricity to facilitate improved wet and dry donning of the elastomeric article.

A water-based hydrogel polymer coating and a method of application to natural rubber or other elastomeric latex products are provided. The water-based hydrogel polymer is mixed with a blend of at least one elastomeric material to provide a hydrogel polymer blend composition. The water-based hydrogel polymer blend composition is applied in a single application to an elastomeric article, such as gloves, without additional solvents in the polymer blend composition and without a separate acid or chemical priming step. The water-based hydrogel coating herein provides increased lubricity to facilitate improved wet and dry donning of the elastomeric article.

The present invention provides coated films and packages formed from such films. In one aspect, a partially coated film comprises (a) a film having two outer surfaces, wherein a first outer surface is provided by a film layer that comprises from 70 to 100 percent by weight of a polyolefin having a density of 0.860 to 0.965 g/cm.sup.3; and (b) a coating on the first outer surface of the film comprising polyurethane, wherein the coating covers less than 25% of the surface area of the first outer surface of the film and wherein the coated portion of the film exhibits an Elmendorf tear in at least one of the machine direction or cross direction that is at least 20% less than the Elmendorf tear of the uncoated portion in the same direction, with the Elmendorf tear being measured in accordance with ASTM D1922.

The present invention provides coated films and packages formed from such films. In one aspect, a partially coated film comprises (a) a film having two outer surfaces, wherein a first outer surface is provided by a film layer that comprises from 70 to 100 percent by weight of a polyolefin having a density of 0.860 to 0.965 g/cm.sup.3; and (b) a coating on the first outer surface of the film comprising polyurethane, wherein the coating covers less than 25% of the surface area of the first outer surface of the film and wherein the coated portion of the film exhibits an Elmendorf tear in at least one of the machine direction or cross direction that is at least 20% less than the Elmendorf tear of the uncoated portion in the same direction, with the Elmendorf tear being measured in accordance with ASTM D1922.

An electron beam curable paint comprises: a dispersion solution of inorganic nanomaterial, a dispersion solution of inorganic nanoultraviolet absorbent, a polyfunctional monomer and an acrylate prepolymer, wherein the dispersion solution of the inorganic nanomaterial is selected from one or two of a dispersion solution of silicon dioxide and a dispersion solution of aluminum oxide, and the dispersion solution of the inorganic ultraviolet absorbent is a dispersion solution of titanium dioxide or a dispersion solution of zinc oxide. The silicon dioxide, the aluminum oxide, the titanium dioxide and the zinc oxide are respectively surface modified and are dissolved in acrylate monomer to form the dispersion solution of the inorganic material without agglomeration.

A tire has a material diffusion barrier, and a method produces the same. In an embodiment, a method for producing a material diffusion barrier on a tire comprises exposing a surface of the tire to a cationic solution to produce a cationic layer on the surface. The method further comprises exposing the cationic layer to an anionic solution to produce an anionic layer on the cationic layer, wherein a layer comprises the cationic layer and the anionic layer. The layer comprises the material diffusion barrier.

To provide a laminate having characteristics of a fluorinated polymer film such as weather resistance and stain resistance, and having an increased solar reflectance by a light reflection layer, wherein the solar reflectance is less likely to decrease over a long period of time, and the light reflection layer is less likely to delaminate; and a production process thereof.

A laminate 1 comprising a substrate 10 containing a first fluorinated polymer, a light reflection layer 12 made of a non-curable resin composition containing a second fluorinated polymer and an aluminum pigment, and a protective layer 14 obtained by curing a curable resin composition containing a third fluorinated polymer having a crosslinkable group and a curing agent for curing the third fluorinated polymer, wherein the light reflection layer 12 is disposed between the substrate 10 and the protective layer 14, the light reflection layer 12 has a thickness of from 0.5 to 5 μm, and the protective layer 14 has a thickness of from 0.3 to 2 μm.

A film is provided with void spaces having a porous structure with less cracks and a high proportion of void space as well as having strength. The film with void spaces includes one kind or two or more kinds of structural units that form a structure with minute void spaces, wherein the structural units are chemically bonded through catalysis. For example, the abrasion resistance measured with BEMCOT® is in the range from 60% to 100%, and the folding endurance measured by the MIT test is 100 times or more. The film with void spaces can be produced by forming the precursor of the silicone porous body using sol containing pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound and then chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the precursor of the silicone porous body. The chemical bond among the pulverized products is preferably a chemical crosslinking bond among the pulverized products.