The invention relates to an aqueous coating composition comprising a compound having reactive groups A, and a quaternary ammonium compound according to Formula I, II or III

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl group having from 5 to 50 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are alkylene groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are H or C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.7 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.8 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.9 is H or a methyl group; Z is a substituent containing at least one reactive group B which is capable of reacting with the reactive group A; X.sup.− is an anion; y is 0 or 1; a is 0 or 1; and the sum of y and a is 1 or 2 and m is an integer from 1 to 30, preferably between 1 and 10, or between 2 and 6 n is an integer from 0-30, preferably between 1 and 10, or 2 and 6 T is a monomer unit; U is a monomer unit; V is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing hetero atoms; d is an integer between 1 and 5, preferably 1; e is an integer between 1 and 1000, preferably between 5 and 100; g is an integer between 1 and 100, preferably between 2 and 10; h is an integer between 1 and 5, preferably 2 or 3.

The invention relates to an aqueous coating composition comprising a compound having reactive groups A, and a quaternary ammonium compound according to Formula I, II or III

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl group having from 5 to 50 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are alkylene groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are H or C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.7 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.8 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms; R.sup.9 is H or a methyl group; Z is a substituent containing at least one reactive group B which is capable of reacting with the reactive group A; X.sup.− is an anion; y is 0 or 1; a is 0 or 1; and the sum of y and a is 1 or 2 and m is an integer from 1 to 30, preferably between 1 and 10, or between 2 and 6 n is an integer from 0-30, preferably between 1 and 10, or 2 and 6 T is a monomer unit; U is a monomer unit; V is a C.sub.1-C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing hetero atoms; d is an integer between 1 and 5, preferably 1; e is an integer between 1 and 1000, preferably between 5 and 100; g is an integer between 1 and 100, preferably between 2 and 10; h is an integer between 1 and 5, preferably 2 or 3.

Disclosed herein are a resin composition for underlayer film formation which is capable of forming an underlayer film having good adhesiveness to a base material and good surface state, an imprint forming kit, a laminate, a pattern forming method, and a method for producing a device. Provided is a resin composition for underlayer film formation, including a resin, a nucleophilic catalyst, and a solvent, in which the content of the nucleophilic catalyst is 0.01 to 0.3 mass % with respect to the solid content of the resin composition for underlayer film formation.

The present invention is a modified resin for a molded article obtained by modifying an ethylene/unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer with guanidine carbonate, wherein a melt flow rate of the ethylene/unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is 20 (g/10 minutes) or more and 600 (g/10 minutes) or less.

The present invention is a modified resin for a molded article obtained by modifying an ethylene/unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer with guanidine carbonate, wherein a melt flow rate of the ethylene/unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is 20 (g/10 minutes) or more and 600 (g/10 minutes) or less.

To provide a conductive roll for an electrophotographic apparatus that includes a conductive rubber elastic body layer having a lower hardness and lower settling properties than a conventional conductive rubber elastic body layer.

A conductive roll 10 for an electrophotographic apparatus includes a shaft body 12, and a conductive rubber elastic body layer 14 provided on the outer periphery of the shaft body 12, the conductive rubber elastic body layer 14 containing polar rubber, non-polar rubber, and a dispersing agent, wherein the polar rubber is at least one of nitrile rubber, hydrin rubber, and chloroprene rubber, wherein the non-polar rubber is at least one of isoprene rubber, hydrogenated isoprene rubber, and natural rubber, and wherein the dispersing agent is at least one of a polymer containing a block made of a nitrile rubber component and a block made of an isoprene rubber component, modified natural rubber, and modified isoprene rubber.

To provide a conductive roll for an electrophotographic apparatus that includes a conductive rubber elastic body layer having a lower hardness and lower settling properties than a conventional conductive rubber elastic body layer.

A conductive roll 10 for an electrophotographic apparatus includes a shaft body 12, and a conductive rubber elastic body layer 14 provided on the outer periphery of the shaft body 12, the conductive rubber elastic body layer 14 containing polar rubber, non-polar rubber, and a dispersing agent, wherein the polar rubber is at least one of nitrile rubber, hydrin rubber, and chloroprene rubber, wherein the non-polar rubber is at least one of isoprene rubber, hydrogenated isoprene rubber, and natural rubber, and wherein the dispersing agent is at least one of a polymer containing a block made of a nitrile rubber component and a block made of an isoprene rubber component, modified natural rubber, and modified isoprene rubber.

The invention relates to a film containing a special polycarbonate or copolycarbonate of the formula (Ia), (I-2), (I-3) or (I-4) and to the use of the film in a security document and in a layer structure.

A method for surface treatment of a silicone rubber includes: providing the silicone rubber bearing a polar group on a surface of the silicone rubber, and applying a multifunctional compound to the surface of the silicone rubber bearing the polar group to allow the multifunctional compound to react with the polar group to form a coating.

A method for surface treatment of a silicone rubber includes: providing the silicone rubber bearing a polar group on a surface of the silicone rubber, and applying a multifunctional compound to the surface of the silicone rubber bearing the polar group to allow the multifunctional compound to react with the polar group to form a coating.