Expandable chlorinated vinyl chloride-based resin particles from which a chlorinated vinyl chloride-based resin foamed molded product achieving both high expansion ratio and excellent surface appearance are provided. The expandable chlorinated vinyl chloride-based resin particles have a porosity of not more than 5.5 (ml/100 g).

Expandable chlorinated vinyl chloride-based resin particles from which a chlorinated vinyl chloride-based resin foamed molded product achieving both high expansion ratio and excellent surface appearance are provided. The expandable chlorinated vinyl chloride-based resin particles have a porosity of not more than 5.5 (ml/100 g).

The present invention is an additive for rubber comprising a compound represented by the following chemical formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 or more and 33 or less carbons; a total number of carbons in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is 2 or more and 34 or less; X is a single bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 or more and 5 or less carbons; A represents —O—CH.sub.2—CH(OH)—CH.sub.2OH, —O—CH (—CH.sub.2—OH).sub.2 or —N (R.sup.3) (R.sup.4); R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group with 2 or more and 4 or less carbons; and R.sup.4 represents a hydroxyalkyl group with 2 or more and 4 or less carbons.

The present invention is an additive for rubber comprising a compound represented by the following chemical formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 or more and 33 or less carbons; a total number of carbons in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is 2 or more and 34 or less; X is a single bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 or more and 5 or less carbons; A represents —O—CH.sub.2—CH(OH)—CH.sub.2OH, —O—CH (—CH.sub.2—OH).sub.2 or —N (R.sup.3) (R.sup.4); R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group with 2 or more and 4 or less carbons; and R.sup.4 represents a hydroxyalkyl group with 2 or more and 4 or less carbons.

A novel Low Free 2-MercaptoEthanol Ester has been used to prepare Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers as well as used to enhance the thermal performance of those Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers or Alkyl Tin Thioglycolate Stabilizers or Alkyl Tin Mercaptides for PVC applications where odor during PVC compounding, processing, or of the final PVC article has prevented widespread use of Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers. Additional enhancements have been found in cellular PVC production wherein stabilizers including the novel Low Free 2-MercaptoEthanol Ester result in lower density foams, and allow for lower melt density, which improves injection molding cycle times.

A novel Low Free 2-MercaptoEthanol Ester has been used to prepare Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers as well as used to enhance the thermal performance of those Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers or Alkyl Tin Thioglycolate Stabilizers or Alkyl Tin Mercaptides for PVC applications where odor during PVC compounding, processing, or of the final PVC article has prevented widespread use of Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers. Additional enhancements have been found in cellular PVC production wherein stabilizers including the novel Low Free 2-MercaptoEthanol Ester result in lower density foams, and allow for lower melt density, which improves injection molding cycle times.

A novel Low Free 2-MercaptoEthanol Ester has been used to prepare Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers as well as used to enhance the thermal performance of those Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers or Alkyl Tin Thioglycolate Stabilizers or Alkyl Tin Mercaptides for PVC applications where odor during PVC compounding, processing, or of the final PVC article has prevented widespread use of Alkyl Tin Reverse Ester Stabilizers. Additional enhancements have been found in cellular PVC production wherein stabilizers including the novel Low Free 2-MercaptoEthanol Ester result in lower density foams, and allow for lower melt density, which improves injection molding cycle times.

A liquid organotin heat stabilizer for clear, opaque and/or colored calendered rigid Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) comprising octyltin mercaptide and methyltin mercaptide. Octyltin mercaptide is used to develop good early color in a clear, opaque or colored calendered rigid PVC film application. Methyltin mercaptide is used to improve the long term heat stability (reduced burning) of the clear, opaque or colored rigid calendered PVC films. Ranges from 50% to 75% octyltin mercaptide, and from 50% to 25% methyltin mercaptide have application. Preferred ranges are 60% to 64% octyltin mercaptide and 40% to 36% methyltin mercaptide. Most preferred is 62% octyltin mercaptide and 38% methyltin mercaptide.

A liquid organotin heat stabilizer for clear, opaque and/or colored calendered rigid Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) comprising octyltin mercaptide and methyltin mercaptide. Octyltin mercaptide is used to develop good early color in a clear, opaque or colored calendered rigid PVC film application. Methyltin mercaptide is used to improve the long term heat stability (reduced burning) of the clear, opaque or colored rigid calendered PVC films. Ranges from 50% to 75% octyltin mercaptide, and from 50% to 25% methyltin mercaptide have application. Preferred ranges are 60% to 64% octyltin mercaptide and 40% to 36% methyltin mercaptide. Most preferred is 62% octyltin mercaptide and 38% methyltin mercaptide.

A liquid organotin heat stabilizer for clear, opaque and/or colored calendered rigid Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) comprising octyltin mercaptide and methyltin mercaptide. Octyltin mercaptide is used to develop good early color in a clear, opaque or colored calendered rigid PVC film application. Methyltin mercaptide is used to improve the long term heat stability (reduced burning) of the clear, opaque or colored rigid calendered PVC films. Ranges from 50% to 75% octyltin mercaptide, and from 50% to 25% methyltin mercaptide have application. Preferred ranges are 60% to 64% octyltin mercaptide and 40% to 36% methyltin mercaptide. Most preferred is 62% octyltin mercaptide and 38% methyltin mercaptide.