A preparation method of a hydrogel of a mercapto-modified macromolecular compound includes the steps of combining the mercapto-modified macromolecular compound with an acrylated macromolecular compound and/or an acrylated micromolecular crosslinker. The mercapto-modified macromolecular compound can be crosslinked with the acrylated macromolecular compound and/or the acrylated micromolecular crosslinker under physiological conditions to form the hydrogel. Due to the rapid mercapto-vinyl crosslinking reaction, the formed hydrogel system can be quickly gelled in situ after being injected into the body. The hydrogel is thus suitable for use in the fields of biomedicine, medical cosmetic plastic surgery and cosmetics.

Disclosed herein are nonwoven webs comprising a nonwoven substrate and a binder comprising a polysaccharide. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide can comprise poly alpha-1,3-glucan, a poly alpha-1,3-glucan ether compound as disclosed herein, a poly alpha-1,3-glucan ester compound as disclosed herein, a graft copolymer comprising a backbone comprising dextran and poly alpha-1,3-glucan side chains, a crosslinked graft copolymer comprising a backbone comprising dextran and poly alpha-1,3-glucan chains, or a mixture thereof. Also disclosed are articles comprising the nonwoven webs, and methods of making the nonwoven webs.

Disclosed herein are nonwoven webs comprising a nonwoven substrate and a binder comprising a polysaccharide. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide can comprise poly alpha-1,3-glucan, a poly alpha-1,3-glucan ether compound as disclosed herein, a poly alpha-1,3-glucan ester compound as disclosed herein, a graft copolymer comprising a backbone comprising dextran and poly alpha-1,3-glucan side chains, a crosslinked graft copolymer comprising a backbone comprising dextran and poly alpha-1,3-glucan chains, or a mixture thereof. Also disclosed are articles comprising the nonwoven webs, and methods of making the nonwoven webs.

In a process for manufacturing glass, a mixture of solid glass-forming materials (18) may be melted by application of heat from one or more submerged combustion burners (34) to produce a volume of unrefined molten glass comprising, by volume, 20% to 40% gas bubbles. A refining agent may be introduced into the unrefined molten glass to promote gas bubble removal from the molten glass. The unrefined molten glass including the refining agent may be heated at a temperature in the range of 1200° C. to 1500° C. to produce a volume of refined molten glass. The refined molten glass may comprise, by volume, fewer gas bubbles than the unrefined molten glass. A colorant material may be introduced into the refined molten glass to produce a volume of molten glass having a final desired color.

A preparation method includes 1) dispersing cellulose nanocrystal in water and adjusting pH to 7; 2) adding carboxylate to the aqueous dispersion of the step 1), and stirring until uniform; and 3) adding a monomer and a ceric ammonium nitrate initiator to the system of the step 2), reacting for 0.5-3 h to obtain a precipitate, and subjecting the precipitate to suction filtration, washing, and drying to obtain the cellulose nanocrystal powder. By adding a small amount of carboxylate into a cellulose nanocrystal graft polymer modification system initiated by ceric ammonium nitrate, hydrolysis of cerium ions can be inhibited through complexation of the carboxylate to the cerium ions which play an initiating role in ceric ammonium nitrate, so that ceric ammonium nitrate can initiate the polymerization reaction under acid-free conditions, thereby achieving polymerization of polyvinyl acetate monomer on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals.

A preparation method includes 1) dispersing cellulose nanocrystal in water and adjusting pH to 7; 2) adding carboxylate to the aqueous dispersion of the step 1), and stirring until uniform; and 3) adding a monomer and a ceric ammonium nitrate initiator to the system of the step 2), reacting for 0.5-3 h to obtain a precipitate, and subjecting the precipitate to suction filtration, washing, and drying to obtain the cellulose nanocrystal powder. By adding a small amount of carboxylate into a cellulose nanocrystal graft polymer modification system initiated by ceric ammonium nitrate, hydrolysis of cerium ions can be inhibited through complexation of the carboxylate to the cerium ions which play an initiating role in ceric ammonium nitrate, so that ceric ammonium nitrate can initiate the polymerization reaction under acid-free conditions, thereby achieving polymerization of polyvinyl acetate monomer on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals.

In an example, a material includes a cellulosic nanomaterial and multiple polymer chains chemically bonded to the cellulosic nanomaterial. Each polymer chain includes a styrene-butadiene copolymer.

The invention relates to a process for producing polymer composites suitable for absorbing and storing aqueous liquids, to the polymer composites obtainable by this process, and to the use of the polymer composites. The process comprises free-radical polymerization of a monomer composition M comprising 50 to 100% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers A and B, of at least one monomer A having one ethylenic double bond and at least one neutralizable acid group, 0 to 50% by weight of optionally one or more comonomers B which are different than the monomers A and have one ethylenic double bond, and 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers A and B, of at least one crosslinker C.

The invention relates to a process for producing polymer composites suitable for absorbing and storing aqueous liquids, to the polymer composites obtainable by this process, and to the use of the polymer composites. The process comprises free-radical polymerization of a monomer composition M comprising 50 to 100% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers A and B, of at least one monomer A having one ethylenic double bond and at least one neutralizable acid group, 0 to 50% by weight of optionally one or more comonomers B which are different than the monomers A and have one ethylenic double bond, and 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers A and B, of at least one crosslinker C.

Described herein are compositions comprising a vinyl acrylic copolymer derived in the presence of maltodextrin. In some examples, the compositions comprise a copolymer derived from: vinyl acetate; an acrylate monomer having a T.sub.g of −30° C. or less; a carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid anhydride, or a combination thereof; and an organosilane; in the presence of maltodextrin. The copolymer can be provided as an aqueous dispersion. In some examples, the aqueous dispersion can have an overall solids content of from 40% to 75%. Also disclosed herein are carpet tiles having a surface coated with the adhesive formulations disclosed herein. In some examples, the carpet tile with the adhesive formulation applied thereto can pass the British spill test. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the compositions disclosed herein.