An electrolyte includes an ionic liquid and an electrolyte salt dispersed in the ionic liquid. The ionic liquid includes organic nitrogen cations and charge-delocalized organic anions. The electrolyte salt is selected from alkali metal salt and/or alkaline earth metal salt.

A polymer layer includes a composition including polyborondimethylsiloxane and benzoyl peroxide. The polymer layer has a light transmittance of about 84% or more in a wavelength range of about 400 nm to about 800 nm. Therefore, the polymer layer exhibits strong impact resistance and optical transparency.

A polymer layer includes a composition including polyborondimethylsiloxane and benzoyl peroxide. The polymer layer has a light transmittance of about 84% or more in a wavelength range of about 400 nm to about 800 nm. Therefore, the polymer layer exhibits strong impact resistance and optical transparency.

Described herein are borate salts useful as additives, binders, and electrolyte salts for solid state lithium ion batteries. In particular, the borate salts of Formula (I), Formula (II) and Formula (III) as described herein: ##STR00001##
can be polymerized, or can be bound to an existing polymer, to provide polymeric binders for ceramic solid state electrolytes that are themselves capable of ion transport independent of the ceramic.

Described herein are borate salts useful as additives, binders, and electrolyte salts for solid state lithium ion batteries. In particular, the borate salts of Formula (I), Formula (II) and Formula (III) as described herein: ##STR00001##
can be polymerized, or can be bound to an existing polymer, to provide polymeric binders for ceramic solid state electrolytes that are themselves capable of ion transport independent of the ceramic.

Anion-coordinating polymers comprising one or more anion-coordinating unit of Formula (I), optionally in combination with one or more cation-coordinating unit of Formula (II) and/or a linking unit of Formula (III) and related electrolytes, batteries, methods and system.

A composite material which is elastic, which exhibits a resistive load under deformation which increases with the rate of deformation, which is unfoamed or foamed, comminuted or uncomminuted and which comprises i) a first polymer-based elastic material and ii) a second polymer-based material, different from i), which exhibits dilatancy in the absence of i) wherein ii) is entrapped in a solid matrix of i), the composite material being unfoamed or, when foamed, preparable by incorporating ii) with i) prior to foaming.

A composite material which is elastic, which exhibits a resistive load under deformation which increases with the rate of deformation, which is unfoamed or foamed, comminuted or uncomminuted and which comprises i) a first polymer-based elastic material and ii) a second polymer-based material, different from i), which exhibits dilatancy in the absence of i) wherein ii) is entrapped in a solid matrix of i), the composite material being unfoamed or, when foamed, preparable by incorporating ii) with i) prior to foaming.

A composition for producing a light emitting device having high light emission efficiency contains: a polymer compound having a repeating unit (Y) and a constitutional unit (SM1) obtained by removing hydrogen atom(s) from a low molecular compound (SM1) in which the absolute value of a difference between the energy levels of the lowest triplet excited state and the lowest singlet excited state is 0.50 eV or less, and a low molecular compound (SM2) in which the absolute value of a difference between the energy levels of the lowest triplet excited state and the lowest singlet excited state is 0.50 eV or less. When dSM1 is the content number per unit mass of the constitutional unit (SM1) and dSM2 is the content number per unit mass of the low molecular compound (SM2), dSM1+dSM2 is 2.0×10.sup.19 (number/g) or more and dSM1/dSM2 is 0.020 to 50.

A composition for producing a light emitting device having high light emission efficiency contains: a polymer compound having a repeating unit (Y) and a constitutional unit (SM1) obtained by removing hydrogen atom(s) from a low molecular compound (SM1) in which the absolute value of a difference between the energy levels of the lowest triplet excited state and the lowest singlet excited state is 0.50 eV or less, and a low molecular compound (SM2) in which the absolute value of a difference between the energy levels of the lowest triplet excited state and the lowest singlet excited state is 0.50 eV or less. When dSM1 is the content number per unit mass of the constitutional unit (SM1) and dSM2 is the content number per unit mass of the low molecular compound (SM2), dSM1+dSM2 is 2.0×10.sup.19 (number/g) or more and dSM1/dSM2 is 0.020 to 50.