The present invention relates to a process for preparing a bonding resin, wherein lignin is provided in the form of an aqueous solution and mixed with one or more of a crosslinker and optionally one or more additives. The bonding resin is useful for example in the manufacture of laminates, mineral wool insulation and wood products such as plywood, oriented strandboard (OSB), laminated veneer lumber (LVL), medium density fiberboards (MDF), high density fiberboards (HDF), parquet flooring, curved plywood, veneered particleboards, veneered MDF or particle boards.

A thermoplastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer/lignin blend is provided, whereas the blend comprises (i) an amount of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer; (ii) an amount of lignin; and (iii) an amount of compatibilizing agent capable of imparting improved ductility and impact strength to the resultant blend. Methods of improving impact strength and ductility of a thermoplastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer/lignin blend and articles made therefrom are also disclosed.

A thermoplastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer/lignin blend is provided, whereas the blend comprises (i) an amount of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer; (ii) an amount of lignin; and (iii) an amount of compatibilizing agent capable of imparting improved ductility and impact strength to the resultant blend. Methods of improving impact strength and ductility of a thermoplastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer/lignin blend and articles made therefrom are also disclosed.

Modified lignin products, processes for making them, and their use to produce rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams are disclosed. The processes comprise heating a lignin source with a nitrogen source and a starved concentration of a C.sub.1-C.sub.5 aldehyde to give a reaction mixture comprising a Mannich condensation product, neutralizing the reaction mixture, and isolating the modified lignin product. The process is performed at a mass ratio of lignin source to nitrogen source within the range of 1:1 to 1:5 and at a molar ratio of nitrogen source to C.sub.1-C.sub.5 aldehyde within the range of 3.5:1 to 1:1. Polyol blends and performance additives that contain the modified lignin products are described. Rigid foams that process well and incorporate up to 60 wt.%, based on the amount of polyol component, of the modified lignin contribute to excellent flame retardancy and low-temperature R-value performance.

Provided is a stable lignin-phenol blend for use in lignin modified phenol-formaldehyde resins comprising lignin in an amount between 10-80 wt %, phenol in an amount between 15-90 wt %, and a solubilizer in an amount between 0%-25 wt %.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising colloidal lignin particles and an epoxy compound.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising colloidal lignin particles and an epoxy compound.

A degradable containment includes an outer structural layer constructed of a pulp material, a central carrier layer constructed of a biopolymer, and an interior nanomaterial layer constructed of a nanomaterial.

A degradable containment includes an outer structural layer constructed of a pulp material, a central carrier layer constructed of a biopolymer, and an interior nanomaterial layer constructed of a nanomaterial.

The present invention discloses a composition that may be extruded and/or injection moulded, comprising a chemically modified softwood lignin and a polyester selected from PBS (PolyButylene Succinate), PBAT (PolyButylene Adipate Terephthalate) and PCL (PolyCaproLactone) or mixtures thereof. The chemically modified softwood lignin constitutes 10 to 25 weight-% of the total weight of the composition.