A head-up display apparatus that is excellent in viewability. A head-up display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a display unit configured to emit projection light, the display unit including a display cell, and a first polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on an emission side of the display cell, and which includes a polarizer and a first retardation layer in the stated order from a display cell side; at least one reflector configured to reflect the projection light; and a second polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on a reflection surface of the reflector, and which includes a polarizer and a second retardation layer in the stated order from a reflector side. The first retardation layer and the second retardation layer each have an in-plane retardation Re(550) of from 100 nm to 200 nm.

A head-up display apparatus that is excellent in viewability. A head-up display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a display unit configured to emit projection light, the display unit including a display cell, and a first polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on an emission side of the display cell, and which includes a polarizer and a first retardation layer in the stated order from a display cell side; at least one reflector configured to reflect the projection light; and a second polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on a reflection surface of the reflector, and which includes a polarizer and a second retardation layer in the stated order from a reflector side. The first retardation layer and the second retardation layer each have an in-plane retardation Re(550) of from 100 nm to 200 nm.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, formulations comprising cerium (III) carbonate, and processes for producing cerium (III) carbonate. In embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for passivating photodegradation of organic compounds using cerium (III) carbonate.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, formulations comprising cerium (III) carbonate, and processes for producing cerium (III) carbonate. In embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for passivating photodegradation of organic compounds using cerium (III) carbonate.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, formulations comprising cerium (III) carbonate, and processes for producing cerium (III) carbonate. In embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for passivating photodegradation of organic compounds using cerium (III) carbonate.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, formulations comprising cerium (III) carbonate, and processes for producing cerium (III) carbonate. In embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for passivating photodegradation of organic compounds using cerium (III) carbonate.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, formulations comprising cerium (III) carbonate, and processes for producing cerium (III) carbonate. In embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for passivating photodegradation of organic compounds using cerium (III) carbonate.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, formulations comprising cerium (III) carbonate, and processes for producing cerium (III) carbonate. In embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for passivating photodegradation of organic compounds using cerium (III) carbonate.

A head-up display apparatus that is excellent in viewability. A head-up display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a display unit configured to emit projection light, the display unit including a display cell, and a first polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on an emission side of the display cell, and which includes a polarizer and a first retardation layer in the stated order from a display cell side; at least one reflector configured to reflect the projection light; and a second polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on a reflection surface of the reflector, and which includes a polarizer and a second retardation layer in the stated order from a reflector side. The first retardation layer and the second retardation layer each have an in-plane retardation Re(550) of from 100 nm to 200 nm.

A head-up display apparatus that is excellent in viewability. A head-up display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a display unit configured to emit projection light, the display unit including a display cell, and a first polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on an emission side of the display cell, and which includes a polarizer and a first retardation layer in the stated order from a display cell side; at least one reflector configured to reflect the projection light; and a second polarizing plate with a retardation layer, which is arranged on a reflection surface of the reflector, and which includes a polarizer and a second retardation layer in the stated order from a reflector side. The first retardation layer and the second retardation layer each have an in-plane retardation Re(550) of from 100 nm to 200 nm.