The present invention relates to modified proppants and methods of using the modified proppants that use metal ligand tracers to characterize subterranean fluid flow. The metal and ligands are best chosen to be a strongly-coordinating, chelating ligand with a functional group for the chosen flow environment.

A color filter including at least a transparent substrate and color layers disposed on the substrate. At least one of the color layers contains a compound which is represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR00001##
In general formula (I), “A” is a substituent group represented by the following general formula (IV): ##STR00002##

The invention provides compounds effective as sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators for treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases, such as hypertension (including malignant hypertension), angina, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, dysrhythmias, cardiomyothopy (including hypertropic cardiomyothopy), heart failure, cardiac arrest, bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, croup, emphysema, pleurisy, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolus, pulmonary hypertension, mesothelioma, ventricular conduction abnormalities, complete heart block, adult respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, prevention of keloid formation, or cirrhosis.

A color filter including at least a transparent substrate and color layers disposed on the substrate. At least one of the color layers contains a compound which is represented by the following general formula (I):

##STR00001##

In general formula (I), “A” is a substituent group represented by the following general formula (IV):

##STR00002##

A color material dispersion liquid including a color material, a dispersant and a solvent, wherein the color material contains a compound which is represented by the following general formula (I) and which contains one or more structures selected from the following structures (i) and (ii); wherein (i) “A” is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing two or more alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, containing a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group at a terminal position directly bound to “N”, and optionally containing O, S, N in a carbon chain, and (ii) at least one of R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 is a cycloalkyl group optionally containing a substituent group or an aryl group optionally containing a substituent group. ##STR00001##

The invention provides compounds effective as sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators for treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases, such as hypertension (including malignant hypertension), angina, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, dysrhythmias, cardiomyothopy (including hypertropic cardiomyothopy), heart failure, cardiac arrest, bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, croup, emphysema, pleurisy, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolus, pulmonary hypertension, mesothelioma, ventricular conduction abnormalities, complete heart block, adult respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, prevention of keloid formation, or cirrhosis.

The present invention relates to modified proppants and methods of using the modified proppants that use metal ligand tracers to characterize subterranean fluid flow. The metal and ligands are best chosen to be a strongly-coordinating, chelating ligand with a functional group for the chosen flow environment.

The present invention relates to modified proppants and methods of using the modified proppants that use metal ligand tracers to characterize subterranean fluid flow. The metal and ligands are best chosen to be a strongly-coordinating, chelating ligand with a functional group for the chosen flow environment.

A color material dispersion liquid including a color material, a dispersant and a solvent, wherein the color material contains a compound which is represented by the following general formula (I) and which contains one or more structures selected from the following structures (i) and (ii); wherein (i) A is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing two or more alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, containing a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group at a terminal position directly bound to N, and optionally containing O, S, N in a carbon chain, and (ii) at least one of R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 is a cycloalkyl group optionally containing a substituent group or an aryl group optionally containing a substituent group.

##STR00001##

The invention provides compounds effective as sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators for treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases, such as hypertension (including malignant hypertension), angina, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, dysrhythmias, cardiomyothopy (including hypertropic cardiomyothopy), heart failure, cardiac arrest, bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, croup, emphysema, pleurisy, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolus, pulmonary hypertension, mesothelioma, ventricular conduction abnormalities, complete heart block, adult respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, prevention of keloid formation, or cirrhosis.