The disclosed method and related systems and devices relate to producing a pigment from microbial biomass. The pigment may be an engineered black pigment. The method may include a thermal processing step where the microbial biomass is charred. The biomass in the charred and pre-charred state can be washed chemically and/or mechanically. In another step the biomass is ground via a grinding of milling process. The grinding/milling may occur at any various points in the process. In some embodiments the biomass has a particle size between 0.01 and 100 microns.

The disclosed method and related systems and devices relate to producing a pigment from microbial biomass. The pigment may be an engineered black pigment. The method may include a thermal processing step where the microbial biomass is charred. The biomass in the charred and pre-charred state can be washed chemically and/or mechanically. In another step the biomass is ground via a grinding of milling process. The grinding/milling may occur at any various points in the process. In some embodiments the biomass has a particle size between 0.01 and 100 microns.

Provided herein are novel devices, systems, and methods of using the same, that enable plasma-enhanced pyrolysis of biogenic waste material comprising pyrolysis systems including primary tuyeres for introduction of natural gas directly to a molten lava bed, one or more plasma torches for introducing inert gas into the system, together with mechanisms for capture and collection of combustion products including, but not limited to, turquoise hydrogen and carbon black.

Provided is a conductive carbon mixture which is to be used together with an electrode active material in manufacturing an electrode of an electricity storage device and enables the manufacture of the electricity storage device having a good cycle life. The conductive carbon mixture for manufacturing an electrode of an electricity storage device comprises an oxidized carbon having electrical conductivity and a different conductive carbon which is different from the oxidized carbon, wherein the oxidized carbon covers the surface of the different conductive carbon. The conductive carbon mixture is characterized in that the ratio of the peak intensity of the 2D band to the peak intensity of the D band in a Raman spectrum of the conductive carbon mixture is 55% or less relative to the ratio of the peak intensity of the 2D band to the peak intensity of the D band in a Raman spectrum of the different conductive carbon. This conductive carbon mixture covers the surface of the electrode active material in a particularly good manner and thus prolongs the cycle life of the electricity storage device.

Provided is a conductive carbon mixture which is to be used together with an electrode active material in manufacturing an electrode of an electricity storage device and enables the manufacture of the electricity storage device having a good cycle life. The conductive carbon mixture for manufacturing an electrode of an electricity storage device comprises an oxidized carbon having electrical conductivity and a different conductive carbon which is different from the oxidized carbon, wherein the oxidized carbon covers the surface of the different conductive carbon. The conductive carbon mixture is characterized in that the ratio of the peak intensity of the 2D band to the peak intensity of the D band in a Raman spectrum of the conductive carbon mixture is 55% or less relative to the ratio of the peak intensity of the 2D band to the peak intensity of the D band in a Raman spectrum of the different conductive carbon. This conductive carbon mixture covers the surface of the electrode active material in a particularly good manner and thus prolongs the cycle life of the electricity storage device.

The disclosed method and related systems and devices relate to producing a pigment from microbial biomass. The pigment may be an engineered black pigment. The method may include a thermal processing step where the microbial biomass is charred. The biomass in the charred and pre-charred state can be washed chemically and/or mechanically. In another step the biomass is ground via a grinding of milling process. The grinding/milling may occur at any various points in the process. In some embodiments the biomass has a particle size between 0.01 and 100 microns.

The disclosed method and related systems and devices relate to producing a pigment from microbial biomass. The pigment may be an engineered black pigment. The method may include a thermal processing step where the microbial biomass is charred. The biomass in the charred and pre-charred state can be washed chemically and/or mechanically. In another step the biomass is ground via a grinding of milling process. The grinding/milling may occur at any various points in the process. In some embodiments the biomass has a particle size between 0.01 and 100 microns.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture. The gas mixture may include acetylene gas at a molar ratio AG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.55 and not greater than about 0.99, oxygen gas at a molar ratio OG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.01 and not greater than about 0.75, and hydrogen gas at a molar ratio HG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.05 and not greater than about 0.90. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may have a carbon hybridization ratio P.sub.sp3/P.sub.sp2 of at least about 0.0 and not greater than about 5.0, where P.sub.sp3 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp3 hybridization and P.sub.sp2 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp2 hybridization.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture. The gas mixture may include acetylene gas at a molar ratio AG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.55 and not greater than about 0.99, oxygen gas at a molar ratio OG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.01 and not greater than about 0.75, and hydrogen gas at a molar ratio HG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.05 and not greater than about 0.90. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may have a carbon hybridization ratio P.sub.sp3/P.sub.sp2 of at least about 0.0 and not greater than about 5.0, where P.sub.sp3 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp3 hybridization and P.sub.sp2 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp2 hybridization.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture. The gas mixture may include acetylene gas at a molar ratio AG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.25 and not greater than about 0.99, oxygen gas at a molar ratio OG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.01 and not greater than about 0.50, hydrogen gas at a molar ratio HG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.05 and not greater than about 0.70, and methane gas at a molar ratio MG.sub.mol/GM.sub.mol of at least about 0.25 and not greater than about 0.99. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may have a carbon hybridization ratio P.sub.sp3/P.sub.sp2 of at least about 0.0 and not greater than about 5.0, where P.sub.sp3 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp3 hybridization and P.sub.sp2 is the percent of carbon within the carbon-based nanomaterial composition having a sp2 hybridization.