The disclosed method and related systems and devices relate to producing a pigment from microbial biomass. The pigment may be an engineered black pigment. The method may include a thermal processing step where the microbial biomass is charred. The biomass in the charred and pre-charred state can be washed chemically and/or mechanically. In another step the biomass is ground via a grinding of milling process. The grinding/milling may occur at any various points in the process. In some embodiments the biomass has a particle size between 0.01 and 100 microns.

The disclosed method and related systems and devices relate to producing a pigment from microbial biomass. The pigment may be an engineered black pigment. The method may include a thermal processing step where the microbial biomass is charred. The biomass in the charred and pre-charred state can be washed chemically and/or mechanically. In another step the biomass is ground via a grinding of milling process. The grinding/milling may occur at any various points in the process. In some embodiments the biomass has a particle size between 0.01 and 100 microns.

A method is disclosed for producing flakes of a first material, the method comprising: a) supporting two supply cylinders of the first material and a fatiguing rod assembly, that includes at least one textured fatiguing rod, so that each fatiguing rod is sandwiched between the two cylinders, each fatiguing rod having a diameter smaller than an initial diameter of the two supply cylinders and being made of a second harder material; b) urging the surfaces of the two supply cylinders into contact with each fatiguing rod; and c) causing the supply cylinders and the fatiguing rod(s) to rotate while making rolling line contact with one another; wherein the supply cylinders and each fatiguing rod are urged against one another with sufficiently high contact pressure to modify the surface of the supply cylinders by fatigue and result in separation of flakes from the surfaces of the cylinders.

An object of the invention is to provide: a two-phase alloy as a metal material that can be preferably utilized under circumstances of a temperature range and a high corrosion as in an oil well, the two-phase alloy having a high corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties that are equivalent or more than those of conventional ones, and saving a cost; a product of the two-phase alloy; and a method for producing the product. There is provided a two-phase alloy containing Cr as a major component and including two phases of an austenite phase and a ferrite phase in a mixed state. The alloy has a chemical composition containing: 34-70 mass % of Cr; 17-45 mass % of Ni; 10-35 mass % of Fe; 0.1-2 mass % of Mn; 0.1-1 mass % of Si; and impurities. The total content of the Ni and the Fe is 30-65 mass %.

An apparatus is disclosed for producing flakes, the apparatus comprising: a) a support structure for supporting each of two supply cylinders, made of a first material from which flakes are to be produced, and a fatiguing rod assembly including at least one fatiguing rod made of a second material, each fatiguing rod having a diameter smaller than an initial diameter of the two supply cylinders; b) a compression mechanism for urging the surfaces of the two supply cylinders into contact with each fatiguing rod, and c) a drive mechanism for causing the supply cylinders to rotate while making rolling line contact with each fatiguing rod.

The contact pressure between the supply cylinders and each fatiguing rod is set sufficiently high to modify the surface of the supply cylinders by fatigue and result in separation of flakes of the first material from the surfaces of the supply cylinders.

It has been found that bismuth can be milled into pigment platelets. A metallic pigment comprises bismuth metal and an organic additive. The pigment is platelet shaped. In addition, the platelet shaped pigment comprising bismuth metal can be produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods. In some embodiments, the metallic pigment comprises multiple layers.

The disclosed method and related systems and devices relate to producing a pigment from microbial biomass. The pigment may be an engineered black pigment. The method may include a thermal processing step where the microbial biomass is charred. The biomass in the charred and pre-charred state can be washed chemically and/or mechanically. In another step the biomass is ground via a grinding of milling process. The grinding/milling may occur at any various points in the process. In some embodiments the biomass has a particle size between 0.01 and 100 microns.

Dielectric pigments having a metallic appearance for radar compatible coatings and methods for making such dielectric pigments are provided. In one example, the dielectric pigment includes a flake. The flake includes a plurality of alternating layers of dielectric materials including a first layer formed of a first dielectric material having a first refractive index in the visible spectrum range and a second layer disposed adjacent to the first dielectric layer and formed of a second dielectric material having a second refractive index in the visible spectrum range that is different than the first refractive index.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of a copper green rust pigment, particularly a preparation method of a copper green rust pigment that can replace the traditional Dancheong Hayeob pigment comprising the following steps: a step of preparing a copper powder comprising at least one of copper; and a copper alloy comprising copper and at least one of tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb); and a step of corroding the copper powder by mixing the copper powder with a corrosive agent containing sodium chloride and ammonium chloride. The corrosive agent includes 75 to 90 weight % of the sodium chloride and 10 to 25 weight % of the ammonium chloride based on the total weight.

A method for manufacturing metal powder comprising: providing a basic metal salt solution; contacting the basic metal salt solution with a reducing agent to precipitate metal powder therefrom; and recovering precipitated metal powder from the solvent.