Silicon particles with a reduced and/or delayed propensity to generate hydrogen gas by reaction with water in aqueous inks for preparing lithium ion battery anodes are prepared by milling silicon, preferably in an oxidative atmosphere, followed by heat treating at an elevated temperature in vacuum or an inert atmosphere.

Silica-based hydrophobic granular material with an increased polarity Silica-based granular material, comprising silica and at least one IR-opacifier, hydrophobized with a surface treatment agent comprising a silicon atom, wherein the granular material has: a) a cumulative pore volume of pores>4 nm of more than 2.5 cm.sup.3/g, as determined by the mercury intrusion method according to DIN ISO 15901-1; b) a tamped density of 140 g/L to 290 g/L; c) a number of silanol groups relative to BET surface area d.sub.SiOH of at least 0.5 SiOH/nm.sup.2, as determined by reaction with lithium aluminium hydride. d) a number of silicon atoms in the surface treatment agent relative to BET surface area d.sub.[Si] of at least 1.0 [Si atoms]/nm.sup.2.

Compositions comprising Group 13 element-based coupling agents and/or aluminum-based substrates and methods for making such compositions are provided. Compositions herein further comprise an inorganic substrate, a functionalized polymer, or a combination thereof. Such compositions may further comprise a secondary coupling agent having two or more functional groups. Compositions comprising a particulate inorganic substrate dispersed in a polymer form composite materials having improved mechanical properties. Compositions comprising a monolithic inorganic substrate having at least one surface bonded to a polymer layer form articles having improved surface properties.

A curable fluoropolymer composition includes a crosslinkable fluorine-containing polymer, and a filler selected from surface-reacted calcium carbonate, ultrafine calcium carbonate, or a mixture thereof, wherein the surface-reacted calcium carbonate is a reaction product of natural ground calcium carbonate or precipitated calcium carbonate with carbon dioxide and one or more H.sub.3O.sup.+ ion donors, wherein the carbon dioxide is formed in situ by the H.sub.3O.sup.+ ion donors treatment and/or is supplied from an external source. Furthermore, the disclosure relates to a cured fluoropolymer product formed from said composition, an article including the cured fluoropolymer product, a method of producing a cured fluoropolymer product, and use of said filler for reinforcing a cured fluoropolymer product.

The present invention provides a carbon material dispersion in which a carbon material is contained at a high concentration in a liquid medium containing an organic solvent but is unlikely to reaggregate and is stably dispersed, and from which various products, such as an ink capable of forming a coating film having excellent electric conductivity, can be formed. This carbon material dispersion contains a carbon material, an organic solvent, and a polymeric dispersant, wherein the polymeric dispersant is a polymer having 3 to 55% by mass of a constituent unit (1) represented by the following formula (1), wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or the like, A represents O or NH, B represents an ethylene group or the like, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a methyl group or the like, Ar represents a phenyl group or the like, X represents a chlorine atom or the like, and p represents an arbitrary number of repeating units, and the polymeric dispersant has an amine value of 100 mgKOH/g or less and a number average molecular weight of 5,000 to 20,000.

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Provided is a dispersion liquid for sealing a light-emitting element containing metal oxide particles having a refractive index of 1.7 or higher and a surface-modifying material at least partially attached to the metal oxide particles, in which a particle diameter D50 of the metal oxide particles when a cumulative percentage of a scattering intensity distribution obtained by a dynamic light scattering method is 50% is 30 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and a content of the surface-modifying material not attached to the metal oxide particles is 60% by mass or less with respect to a total content of the metal oxide particles and the surface-modifying material.

The present invention relates to a 2-dimensional MXene particle surface-modified with a functional group comprising a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon, a preparation method thereof, and a use thereof (e.g., a conductive film).

MXene fibers and a preparation method thereof are provided. The method for preparation of a MXene fiber comprises preparing a dope solution in which MXene sheets are dispersed in a polar solvent, extruding the dope solution into a coagulating solution to coagulate the extruded dope solution to change into a MXene gel fiber, and drying the MXene gel fiber and converting it into the MXene fiber.

A method for producing a silica composite particle including a silica particle and at least one compound in which an aluminum atom bonds to an organic group through oxygen. The method includes: (i) providing a silica particle dispersion liquid having a silica particle content of about 20 mass % or more; (ii) mixing and reacting a compound represented by formula (S1) and the silica particle dispersion liquid to obtain a slurry; (iii) providing the at least one compound; and (iv) then mixing and reacting the slurry with the at least one compound to form the silica composite particle.

Provided herein are surface treated pigments and methods of making and using the surface treated pigments. The surface treated pigments can comprise a mineral pigment surface treated with a hydrophilic latex composition and a hydrophobic material, which produce a film on an outer surface of the pigment. The hydrophobic material can be selected from a silane, a siloxane, or a siloxane/silicone resin blend, wax, fatty acid, styrene-butadiene latex, or a mixture thereof. The hydrophilic latex composition can be selected from a straight (meth)acrylic latex emulsion, a styrene-(meth)acrylic latex emulsion, or a blend thereof. The surface treated pigment has a surface energy that is less than a surface energy of the mineral pigment alone, a water contact angle of at least 90° and a dodecane contact angle of less than 150°.