Rapid prototyping and delivery of fluorescent medical devices using a 3D printer provided with a processed digital design and fluorescent filament feedstock. The fluorescent filament may comprise a polymer such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and between 10 and 100 ppm of a fluorophore such as indocyanine green embedded uniformly throughout the polymer. The filament may include about one percent by weight of a colorant. The 3D printer may be located at the site of use by an end user, such as a physician office, hospital, or operating room for printing of the fluorescent medical device on demand.

Rapid prototyping and delivery of fluorescent medical devices using a 3D printer provided with a processed digital design and fluorescent filament feedstock. The fluorescent filament may comprise a polymer such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and between 10 and 100 ppm of a fluorophore such as indocyanine green embedded uniformly throughout the polymer. The filament may include about one percent by weight of a colorant. The 3D printer may be located at the site of use by an end user, such as a physician office, hospital, or operating room for printing of the fluorescent medical device on demand.

The present disclosure relates to a matting agent including emulsion polymer particles, a matting polymer composition including a matting agent, and a method of producing emulsion polymer particles. The emulsion polymer particles may be produced by a simple process using an emulsion polymerization method, and have the advantage of being relatively easy to control a degree of crosslinking. In addition, in a case where a matting polymer composition is prepared using a matting agent including the emulsion polymer particles, it is possible to manufacture a molded article having excellent appearance and matting effect without deterioration of the existing mechanical properties such as impact strength and tensile strength of a thermoplastic polymer, and in particular, an excellent matting effect may be exerted even in the extrusion processing, which has been difficult to achieve in the related art.

The present disclosure relates to a matting agent including emulsion polymer particles, a matting polymer composition including a matting agent, and a method of producing emulsion polymer particles. The emulsion polymer particles may be produced by a simple process using an emulsion polymerization method, and have the advantage of being relatively easy to control a degree of crosslinking. In addition, in a case where a matting polymer composition is prepared using a matting agent including the emulsion polymer particles, it is possible to manufacture a molded article having excellent appearance and matting effect without deterioration of the existing mechanical properties such as impact strength and tensile strength of a thermoplastic polymer, and in particular, an excellent matting effect may be exerted even in the extrusion processing, which has been difficult to achieve in the related art.

The present disclosure relates to a matting agent including polymer particles, a matting polymer composition including a matting agent, and a method of producing polymer particles. The polymer particles may be produced by a simple process using a suspension polymerization method, and is relatively easy to control a degree of crosslinking. In addition, in a case where a matting polymer composition is prepared using a matting agent including the polymer particles, it is possible to manufacture a molded article having excellent appearance and matting effect without deterioration of the existing mechanical properties such as impact strength and tensile strength of a thermoplastic polymer, and in particular, an excellent matting effect may be exerted even in the extrusion processing, which has been difficult to achieve in the related art.

The present disclosure relates to a matting agent including polymer particles, a matting polymer composition including a matting agent, and a method of producing polymer particles. The polymer particles may be produced by a simple process using a suspension polymerization method, and is relatively easy to control a degree of crosslinking. In addition, in a case where a matting polymer composition is prepared using a matting agent including the polymer particles, it is possible to manufacture a molded article having excellent appearance and matting effect without deterioration of the existing mechanical properties such as impact strength and tensile strength of a thermoplastic polymer, and in particular, an excellent matting effect may be exerted even in the extrusion processing, which has been difficult to achieve in the related art.

Graphene has been used in nanocomposites as constituents/doping in plastics or epoxy providing dramatic enhancement of the mechanical properties but have not progressed past the laboratory level novelty. This invention can provide a graphene based composite structure with a density less that 1.9 g/cm.sup.3 for a fiber, yarn, rope or cable and a density less that 1.5 g/cm.sup.3 for a sheet both structure have tensile and shear strength greater than either Aluminum or Steel; thus providing a graphene material that is both much lighter and stronger.

Graphene has been used in nanocomposites as constituents/doping in plastics or epoxy providing dramatic enhancement of the mechanical properties but have not progressed past the laboratory level novelty. This invention can provide a graphene based composite structure with a density less that 1.9 g/cm.sup.3 for a fiber, yarn, rope or cable and a density less that 1.5 g/cm.sup.3 for a sheet both structure have tensile and shear strength greater than either Aluminum or Steel; thus providing a graphene material that is both much lighter and stronger.

Provided herein is a multifunctional particle and methods of forming the same. The multifunctional particle includes: a silica particle; a hydrophobic silane; and a silane coupling agent; where each of the hydrophobic silane and the silane coupling agent are chemically bonded to the surface of the silica particle; where the multifunctional particle is superhydrophobic and chemically reactive.

A film forming method includes the following (A) to (D). (A) Preparing a substrate having a first region in which a metal film is exposed and a second region in which an insulating film is exposed. (B) Supplying an organic compound, which is represented by Chemical Formula (1) described in the specification, to the substrate, the organic compound containing a triple bond between a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom in a head group and containing a double bond or triple bond between carbon atoms in a chain. (C) Selectively adsorbing the organic compound to the first region among the first region and the second region. (D) Polymerizing adjacent chains of the organic compound, thereby forming a polymer film in the first region.