There is provided a method of coating a substrate comprising applying a first mixture where the first mixture reacts to form covalent bonds to the substrate surface and where the unreacted parts of the first mixture undergo diffusive mixing with a second layer, which is applied on top of the first mixture. This avoids creation of a weak layer, which may otherwise give lower adhesion. The adhesion as well as mechanical properties including the scratch resistance are improved.

A composition is generally provided that includes a silicon-containing material (e.g., silicon metal and/or a silicide) and a boron-doped refractory compound, such as about 0.001% to about 85% by volume of the boron-doped refractory compound (e.g., about 1% to about 60% by volume). In one embodiment, a bond coating on a surface of a ceramic component is generally provided with the bond coating including such a composition, with the silicon-containing material is silicon metal.

This disclosure describes substrate(s) formed with a three-dimensional (3D) feature thereon, and method(s) of printing the same. One method includes identifying a plurality of locations on a substrate surface where the three-dimensional feature will be formed, determining a height value of the three-dimensional feature at each location, assigning a grayscale value to each location based on the height value, and applying ink to the substrate surface at each location according to the assigned grayscale value.

The present disclosure provides coating compositions and cured products formed from the coating compositions. The cured products can be formed at high cure speeds from the coating compositions and feature low Young's modulus, high tear strength, and/or high tensile toughness. The cured products can be used as primary coatings for optical fibers. The primary coatings provide good microbending performance and are resistant to defect formation during fiber coating processing and handling operations. The coating compositions include an oligomer, an alkoxylated monofunctional acrylate monomer, and preferably, an N-vinyl amide compound.

Described herein is a process for preparing a flexible packaging material. The process may comprise: providing a printed first flexible substrate comprising an ink composition on a surface of a first flexible substrate, the ink composition comprising a first thermoplastic resin; depositing a further composition comprising a cross-linker, a white pigment and a second thermoplastic resin onto the printed ink composition such that the thermoplastic resin of the ink composition is cross-linked; and laminating the first flexible substrate with a second flexible substrate such that the ink composition, the further composition and the cross-linker are disposed between the first and second flexible substrates.

The present invention relates to a copolymer (A) having a glass transition temperature T.sub.g of at least −30° C. obtainable by copolymerization of a mixture of olefinically unsaturated monomers (a) in at least one organic solvent and in the presence of at least one initiator, where the mixture of monomers (a) to be polymerized comprises (a1) 10 to 60 mol % of at least one monomer of the formula (I) below

##STR00001## where R.sub.1=C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, R.sub.2=C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, and m=0 to 2, and (a2) 40 to 90 mol % of at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of monomers of the formulae H.sub.2C═CH.sub.2—(C═O)—O—R.sub.x, H.sub.2C═CH(CH.sub.3)—(C═O)—O—R.sub.x, and H.sub.2C═CH.sub.2—O—(C═O)—R.sub.x, where R.sub.x is an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms,
and where the sum total of the molar fractions of the monomers (a1) and (a2), based on the total molar amount of monomers (a) used, is at least 90 mol %, and where the copolymerization is carried out at a temperature from 60 to 200° C. and at a pressure of at least 2 bar.

Disclosed herein are a resin composition for underlayer film formation which is capable of forming an underlayer film having good adhesiveness to a base material and good surface state, an imprint forming kit, a laminate, a pattern forming method, and a method for producing a device. Provided is a resin composition for underlayer film formation, including a resin, a nucleophilic catalyst, and a solvent, in which the content of the nucleophilic catalyst is 0.01 to 0.3 mass % with respect to the solid content of the resin composition for underlayer film formation.

A radical-polymerizable resin composition comprising one or more metal-containing compounds (A) selected from a metal soap (A1) and a β-diketone skeleton-containing metal complex (A2); one or more thiol compounds (B) selected from a secondary thiol compound (B1) and a tertiary thiol compound (B2); and a radical-polymerizable compound (C) can stably cure under a dry condition, in water and in seawater and further on a wet substrate. The radical-polymerizable resin composition is useful as a repairing material for inorganic structure, a radical-polymerizable coating composition, a concrete spall preventing curable material, a reinforcing fiber-containing composite material, etc.

The present disclosure provides an optical laminate which exhibits improved adhesive strength and scratch resistance together with excellent hardness and fingerprint resistance properties, by further including a fingerprint-resistant layer including an organosilane having excellent adhesion strength with the hard coating layer and an anti-fouling function on the hard coating layer including the transparent support substrate layer and the hard coating layer.

Coating compositions for coating fluid handling components, and related methods, may include in some aspects a coating composition having a trifunctional silane, a silanol, and a filler. The coating composition may be applied to a surface of a fluid handling component that is configured to be exposed to a fluid. The coating composition may be applied to at least partially cover or coat the surface. The coating composition may be configured to chemically bond with a cured primer composition that includes an epoxy.