A silica sol dispersed in a nitrogen-containing solvent and a silica-containing resin composition containing a nitrogen atom-containing polymer. A silica sol including silica particles containing aluminum atoms and having an average primary particle diameter of 5 to 100 nm, the silica particles being dispersed in a nitrogen-containing solvent, wherein the aluminum atoms are bonded to the surfaces of the silica particles in an amount in terms of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 of 800 to 10,000 ppm/SiO.sub.2. The silica particles are bonded to a silane compound or a hydrolysate of the silane compound. The nitrogen-containing solvent is an amide solvent. The nitrogen-containing solvent is dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, or N-ethylpyrrolidone. The insulating resin composition includes the silica sol and a nitrogen-containing polymer. The nitrogen-containing polymer is polyimide, polyamide, polyamic acid, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, or polyesterimide. An insulation-coated conductor wire produced by insulation coating of a conductor wire with the insulating resin composition.

A silica sol dispersed in a nitrogen-containing solvent and a silica-containing resin composition containing a nitrogen atom-containing polymer. A silica sol including silica particles containing aluminum atoms and having an average primary particle diameter of 5 to 100 nm, the silica particles being dispersed in a nitrogen-containing solvent, wherein the aluminum atoms are bonded to the surfaces of the silica particles in an amount in terms of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 of 800 to 10,000 ppm/SiO.sub.2. The silica particles are bonded to a silane compound or a hydrolysate of the silane compound. The nitrogen-containing solvent is an amide solvent. The nitrogen-containing solvent is dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, or N-ethylpyrrolidone. The insulating resin composition includes the silica sol and a nitrogen-containing polymer. The nitrogen-containing polymer is polyimide, polyamide, polyamic acid, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, or polyesterimide. An insulation-coated conductor wire produced by insulation coating of a conductor wire with the insulating resin composition.

This application relates to flame-retardant coatings, and more particularly to an aminated phosphorene-based flame-retardant waterborne polyurethane coating and a preparation method thereof. The aminated phosphorene-based flame-retardant waterborne polyurethane coating is prepared from a diisocyanate-terminated prepolymer, a neutralizer and an aminated phosphorene, where the diisocyanate-terminated prepolymer is prepared from polymeric diol with water-dispersible groups, aliphatic diisocyanate and carboxylic acid type hydrophilic diol under the catalysis of a catalyst for synthesizing waterborne polyurethane.

A chemical composition comprising a mixture of a non-curing organic polymer base with a viscosity between 300 and 10,000 centipoises at 20 degrees C.° and a molecular weight of between 1,000 and 100,000. Into the base is mixed at least one of: metal particles (coated or uncoated), inert particles and non-metal corrosion inhibitors such that reaches a viscosity of between 9,000 and 10,000,000 centipoises. The result is a paste that is useful in applying to metal aircraft parts to help prevent corrosion, including galvanic corrosion.

A chemical composition comprising a mixture of a non-curing organic polymer base with a viscosity between 300 and 10,000 centipoises at 20 degrees C.° and a molecular weight of between 1,000 and 100,000. Into the base is mixed at least one of: metal particles (coated or uncoated), inert particles and non-metal corrosion inhibitors such that reaches a viscosity of between 9,000 and 10,000,000 centipoises. The result is a paste that is useful in applying to metal aircraft parts to help prevent corrosion, including galvanic corrosion.

A nanocomposite includes a plurality of nanoparticles, where each nanoparticle of the plurality of nanoparticles includes a TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core characterized by a diameter between about 1 nm and about 20 nm and a surface .OH density below about 6.OH/nm.sup.2, and a nanoparticle shell conformally formed on surfaces of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core. The nanoparticle shell is continuous and is thinner than about 2 nm. The nanoparticle shell includes a transparent material with a refractive index greater than about 1.7 for visible light. A valence band of the nanoparticle shell is more than about 0.1 eV lower than a valence band of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core. A conduction band of the nanoparticle shell is more than about 0.5 eV higher than a conduction band of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core.

A nanocomposite includes a plurality of nanoparticles, where each nanoparticle of the plurality of nanoparticles includes a TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core characterized by a diameter between about 1 nm and about 20 nm and a surface .OH density below about 6.OH/nm.sup.2, and a nanoparticle shell conformally formed on surfaces of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core. The nanoparticle shell is continuous and is thinner than about 2 nm. The nanoparticle shell includes a transparent material with a refractive index greater than about 1.7 for visible light. A valence band of the nanoparticle shell is more than about 0.1 eV lower than a valence band of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core. A conduction band of the nanoparticle shell is more than about 0.5 eV higher than a conduction band of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core.

Methods of coating a substrate are disclosed. The methods comprise applying shear force to a coating composition either before or during application of the coating composition to the substrate. The coating composition comprises a water-borne or solvent-borne film-forming resin and a catalyst associated with a carrier, wherein at least some of the catalyst can be released from the carrier upon application of the shear force. Also provided are coated articles prepared by the methods.

Methods of coating a substrate are disclosed. The methods comprise applying shear force to a coating composition either before or during application of the coating composition to the substrate. The coating composition comprises a water-borne or solvent-borne film-forming resin and a catalyst associated with a carrier, wherein at least some of the catalyst can be released from the carrier upon application of the shear force. Also provided are coated articles prepared by the methods.

The invention described herein provides a dry graphene powder composition comprising pristine graphene flakes, wherein the pristine graphene flakes are non-covalently functionalised with polymeric amphiphilic molecules and wherein the dry graphene powder composition is capable of forming a stable homogeneous dispersion in aqueous or alcoholic media, in the absence of free dispersants or stabilizers, as well as methods for producing same, and the use thereof in graphene inks, for 2D and 3D printing, for production of flexible circuits, electrodes, electrocatalysts, for fabrication of nanocomposites and for wet-spinning of pristine graphene fibers.