A method of manufacturing of an ink (100) composition comprises a biphasic ligand exchange process. A first phase liquid (10) comprising a nonpolar solvent (11) with a colloidal suspension of nanoparticles (1) that are capped with a shell of non polar ligands (2) is contacted with a second phase liquid (20) comprising a polar solvent (21) with second ligand (3). The second ligand comprises at least one surface binding head group that has an affinity for binding to the nanoparticle; and an ionically charged tail group. The second ligands displace the first ligands to form a dispersion of the nanoparticles that are capped with a shell of the second ligands in the second phase liquid. The nanoparticles can be separated from the second phase liquid. The separated nanoparticles can be (re)dispersed in a printable liquid medium, e.g. used for printing a photoactive layer.

The present invention is directed to methods of preparing metal sulfide, metal selenide, or metal sulfide/selenide nanoparticles and the products derived therefrom. In various embodiments, the nanoparticles are derived from the reaction between precursor metal salts and certain sulfur- and/or selenium-containing precursors each independently having a structure of Formula (I), (II), or (III), or an isomer, salt, or tautomer thereof, where Q.sup.1,Q.sup.2,Q.sup.3,R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3,R.sup.5, and X are defined within the specification.

An aspect of the present disclosure is a nanocrystal that includes a nanocrystal core and a ligand coordinated to a surface of the nanocrystal core, where the ligand includes a functionalized aromatic molecule. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the functionalized aromatic molecule may include at least one of cinnamic acid (CAH) and/or a functionalized CAH molecule.

The present application discloses a manufacturing method of an optical film and the optical film. The manufacturing method includes: step S10, mixing titanium source precursors and a barium source and adding an alkaline agent for a reaction to obtain nanoparticles; and step S20, mixing quantum dots, an organic adhesive, and the nanoparticles followed by coating to obtain the optical film.

A film-forming ink includes a film-forming material and a liquid medium in which the film-forming material is dissolved or dispersed. The liquid medium contains a first component which has a viscosity of less than 20 cp and a second component which has a boiling point at an atmospheric pressure within a range of ±30° C. relative to the boiling point at an atmospheric pressure of the first component and has a viscosity of 20 cp or more, and the second component is contained in an amount of 20 parts by weight or more and 500 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the first component.

Photovoltaic cells incorporating the compounds A/M/X compounds as hole transport materials are provide. The A/M/X compounds comprise one or more A moieties, one or more M atoms and one or more X atoms. The A moieties are selected from organic cations and elements from Group 1 of the periodic table, the M atoms are selected from elements from at least one of Groups 3, 4, 5, 13, 14 or 15 of the periodic table, and the X atoms are selected from elements from Group 17 of the periodic table.

Solution for use in filling micrometer-size cavities (10), the solution comprising a first solvent, a first polymer (102) having a first molecular weight, a second polymer (103) having a second molecular weight, luminophores (101) and a surfactant, the second molecular weight being 10 to 50 times greater than the first molecular weight.

Provided are a near-infrared II polymer fluorescent sub-microsphere and a method for preparing the same. The method includes steps of 1) dissolving fluorochrome in a water-immiscible organic solvent, thus obtaining a fluorochrome solution; 2) distributing a polymer sub-microsphere into a sodium dodecyl sulfonate solution, thus obtaining a sub-microsphere solution with the polymer sub-microsphere as a carrier for the fluorochrome; 3) subjecting a first mixture of the fluorochrome solution and the sub-microsphere solution to ultrasonic treatment, thus obtaining an emulsion; 4) swelling the emulsion such that the fluorochrome solution enters nanopores formed during swelling of the polymer sub-microsphere, thus obtaining a second mixture; and 5) heating the second mixture to volatilize the organic solvent, such that the fluorochrome is crystallized out and encapsulated in the nanopores, thus obtaining the near-infrared II polymer fluorescent sub-microsphere.

A display system includes a display screen with at least one servo feedback mark in each of a plurality of display regions, and a plurality of subsystems each subsystem configured to generate an image on an associated display region. Each subsystem generate a plurality of scanning beams including an excitation beam and a servo beam, a beam scanning module, a servo feedback detector, and a controller. The beam scanning module includes a resonant scanning mirror configured to scan the scanning beams along a first scanning direction and a linear scanning mirror to scan the scanning beams along a second scanning direction. The controller is configured to receive image data, to modulate the excitation beam in accordance with the image data, and to control timing of modulation of the excitation beam based on the monitor signal to align the modulation with corresponding pixel positions on the display screen.

Described are Zn.sub.xCd.sub.1-xS.sub.ySe.sub.1-y/ZnS.sub.zSe.sub.1-z core/shell nanocrystals, CdTe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell nanocrystals, optionally doped Zn(S,Se,Te) nano- and quantum wires, and SnS quantum sheets or ribbons, methods for making the same, and their use in biomedical and photonic applications, such as sensors for analytes in cells and preparation of field effect transistors.