A white light emitting device comprises: an LED that generates excitation light of wavelength from 420 nm to 480 nm; and photoluminescence materials that generate light with a peak emission wavelength from 500 nm to 650 nm comprising a broadband phosphor, and a manganese-activated narrowband red fluoride phosphor with a peak emission wavelength from 628 nm to 640 nm and a full width at half maximum of less than 30 nm. The device generates white light with a selected color temperature from 2200K to 6500K, a General Color Rendering Index, CRI Ra, of at least 80, and a Duv (Delta u, v) from 0.0060 to 0.0170 for the selected color temperature and wherein the device has an LER (Luminous Efficacy of Radiation) of at least 320 lm/W.sub.opt.

An optical material includes, in mol.%: 50-75% SiO.sub.2, 5-25% Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 2.5-25% MgO, and 1-15% at least one lanthanoid, such that the at least one lanthanoid includes: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, or oxides or fluorides thereof. An optical material includes at least one lanthanoid and at least one alkaline earth fluoride dopant, such that the at least one lanthanoid includes: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, or oxides or fluorides thereof, and such that the at least one alkaline earth fluoride dopant comprises BeF.sub.2, MgF.sub.2, CaF.sub.2, SrF.sub.2, and BaF.sub.2.

A glass having from greater than or equal to about 0.1 mol. % to less than or equal to about 20 mol. % Ho.sub.2O.sub.3, and one or more chromophores selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Se, Pr, Nd, Er, Yb, and combinations thereof. The amount of Ho.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %) is greater than or equal to 0.7 (CeO.sub.2 (mol. %)+Pr.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)+Er.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)). The glass can include one or more fluorescent ions selected from Cu, Sn, Ce, Eu, Tb, Tm, and combinations thereof in addition to, or in place of the chromophores. The glass can also include multiple fluorescent ions.

A glass having from greater than or equal to about 0.1 mol. % to less than or equal to about 20 mol. % Ho.sub.2O.sub.3, and one or more chromophores selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Se, Pr, Nd, Er, Yb, and combinations thereof. The amount of Ho.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %) is greater than or equal to 0.7(CeO.sub.2 (mol. %)+Pr.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)+Er.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)). The glass can include one or more fluorescent ions selected from Cu, Sn, Ce, Eu, Tb, Tm, and combinations thereof in addition to, or in place of the chromophores. The glass can also include multiple fluorescent ions.

Described herein are methods for disinfecting surfaces using a photon-emitting inorganic phosphor-doped substrate material. Methods for preparing the photon-emitting inorganic phosphor-doped substrate materials are additionally described.

Described herein are phosphor-containing ink compositions for disinfecting surfaces and improving the photostability of synthetic polymers. Methods for preparing the ink compositions are additionally described.

A glass having from greater than or equal to about 0.1 mol. % to less than or equal to about 20 mol. % Ho.sub.2O.sub.3, and one or more chromophores selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Se, Pr, Nd, Er, Yb, and combinations thereof. The amount of Ho.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %) is greater than or equal to 0.7 (CeO.sub.2 (mol. %)+Pr.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)+Er.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)). The glass can include one or more fluorescent ions selected from Cu, Sn, Ce, Eu, Tb, Tm, and combinations thereof in addition to, or in place of the chromophores. The glass can also include multiple fluorescent ions.

A glass having from greater than or equal to about 0.1 mol. % to less than or equal to about 20 mol. % Ho.sub.2O.sub.3, and one or more chromophores selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Se, Pr, Nd, Er, Yb, and combinations thereof. The amount of Ho.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %) is greater than or equal to 0.7 (CeO.sub.2 (mol. %)+Pr.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)+Er.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)). The glass can include one or more fluorescent ions selected from Cu, Sn, Ce, Eu, Tb, Tm, and combinations thereof in addition to, or in place of the chromophores. The glass can also include multiple fluorescent ions.

A glass having from greater than or equal to about 0.1 mol. % to less than or equal to about 20 mol. % Ho.sub.2O.sub.3, and one or more chromophores selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Se, Pr, Nd, Er, Yb, and combinations thereof. The amount of Ho.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %) is greater than or equal to 0.7(CeO.sub.2 (mol. %)+Pr.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)+Er.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol. %)). The glass can include one or more fluorescent ions selected from Cu, Sn, Ce, Eu, Tb, Tm, and combinations thereof in addition to, or in place of the chromophores. The glass can also include multiple fluorescent ions.

Disclosed are smoothing phosphors for AC LED lighting that are capable of prolonging the light emission time of an AC LED (or array of AC LEDs) during a cycle response to a phase change of the alternating current to substantially reduce flicker. The smoothing phosphor of the present teachings comprises a matrix represented by the formula: M.sub.(l-k-r-v)X.sub.(m-p)Al.sub.2(n-0.5x-0.5y)O.sub.3(n-0.5x-0.5y): Mn.sub.(x+p)O.sub.(x+p), Si.sub.yO.sub.2y, Eu.sub.k, R.sub.r, Li.sub.v wherein M is at least one of La.sub.2O.sub.3, Ce.sub.2O.sub.3, Gd.sub.2O.sub.3, Lu.sub.2O.sub.3, Ba.sub.2OF.sub.2, Sr.sub.2OF.sub.2, Ca.sub.2OF.sub.2, Ba.sub.2OCl.sub.2, Sr.sub.2OCl.sub.2, Ca.sub.2OCl.sub.2, BaO, SrO, CaO, or ZnO; provided that when M comprises BaO, SrO, CaO, or ZnO, M does not comprise La.sub.2O.sub.3, Ce.sub.2O.sub.3, Gd.sub.2O.sub.3, Lu.sub.2O.sub.3, Ba.sub.2OF.sub.2, Sr.sub.2OF.sub.2, Ca.sub.2OF.sub.2, Ba.sub.2OCl.sub.2, Sr.sub.2OCl.sub.2, or Ca.sub.2OCl.sub.2; X is at least one of MgO or ZnO; R is at least one of Sm, Pr, Tb, Dy, Er, or Ho; m=0 to 2; n=4 to 11; x=0.005 to 1; y=0.005 to 1; p=0 to 1; k=0 to 0.2; r=0 to 0.2; and v=0 to 0.2.