A boron nitride fluorescent material, having at least one light emission peak wavelength in a range of 480 nm or more and less than 650 nm as excited with light having a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 250 nm or more and 460 nm or less, and comprising: at least one element A selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal elements; nitrogen and boron; and optionally at least one element M1 selected from the group consisting of Tb, Sm, Pr, Ce, Mn, and Yb.

The present invention includes: a radiation detecting unit including a fluorescent body expressed by the formula ATaO.sub.4: B, C (in the formula, A is selected from at least one kind of element from among rare-earth elements involving 4f-4f transitions, B is selected from at least one kind of element, different from A, from among rare-earth elements involving 4f-4f transitions, and C is selected from at least one kind of element from among rare-earth elements involving 5d-4f transitions); an optical fiber that transmits photons generated by the fluorescent body; a light detector that converts the photons transmitted via the optical fiber 3 one by one into electrical pulse signals; a counter that counts the number of electrical pulse signals converted by the light detector; an analysis and display device 6 that obtains a radiation dose rate on the basis of the number of electrical pulse signals counted by the counter.

Detecting physical forensic evidence on a surface includes contacting the surface with a composition, the composition including a rare-earth metal and a chelator. The composition contacting the surface is illuminated with electromagnetic radiation configured to cause the composition to fluoresce in a pattern indicative of physical forensic evidence. The pattern indicative of physical forensic evidence can then be captured. The composition can be made by combining a rare-earth metal, a chelator, and a solvent to form a solution, precipitating the rare-earth metal and the chelator in the solution, and isolating the precipitate of the rare-earth metal and the chelator from a remainder of the solution. The resulting composition includes a porous metal-organic framework of a rare-earth metal and a chelator, where the pores range in diameter from about 0.01 nm to about 50 nm.

The invention provides a lighting device (100) comprising a solid state light source (10) configured to provide blue light (11) having a dominant wavelength selected from the range of 440-490 nm, a first luminescent material (210) configured to convert part of the blue light (11) into first luminescent material light (211) having intensity in one or more of the green and yellow having a CIE u (211), and a second luminescent material (220) configured to convert part of one or more of the blue light (11) and the first luminescent material light (211) into second luminescent material light (221) having intensity in one or more of the orange and red having a CIE u (221), wherein the first luminescent material (210) and the second luminescent material (220) are selected to provide said first luminescent material light (211) and said second luminescent material light (221) defined by a maximum ratio of CIE u (211) and CIE u (221) being CIE u(221)=1.58*CIE u(211)+0.255, and a minimum ratio of CIE u (211) and CIE u (221) being CIE u(221)=2.3*CIE u(211)+0.04.

A composition that includes an oil-soluble carbon dot and an organic fluid is provided. The oil-soluble carbon dot includes a transition metal, a rare earth element, or a combination of both. A method of making the oil-soluble carbon dot is also provided. The method includes combining an organic reactant, an amine, a dehydrating agent, and a hydrophobic organometallic compound to form a mixture, and heating the mixture such that the oil-soluble carbon dot forms. A method of determining a flow characteristic of a formation or an attribute of a fluid in a formation using the oil-soluble carbon dots is also provided.

The present invention includes: a radiation detecting unit including a fluorescent body expressed by the formula ATaO.sub.4: B, C (in the formula, A is selected from at least one kind of element from among rare-earth elements involving 4f-4f transitions, B is selected from at least one kind of element, different from A, from among rare-earth elements involving 4f-4f transitions, and C is selected from at least one kind of element from among rare-earth elements involving 5d-4f transitions); an optical fiber that transmits photons generated by the fluorescent body; a light detector that converts the photons transmitted via the optical fiber 3 one by one into electrical pulse signals; a counter that counts the number of electrical pulse signals converted by the light detector; an analysis and display device 6 that obtains a radiation dose rate on the basis of the number of electrical pulse signals counted by the counter.

A boron nitride fluorescent material, having at least one light emission peak wavelength in a range of 480 nm or more and less than 650 nm as excited with light having a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 250 nm or more and 460 nm or less, and comprising: at least one element A selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal elements; nitrogen and boron; and optionally at least one element M1 selected from the group consisting of Tb, Sm, Pr, Ce, Mn, and Yb.

Detecting physical forensic evidence on a surface includes contacting the surface with a composition, the composition including a rare-earth metal and a chelator. The composition contacting the surface is illuminated with electromagnetic radiation configured to cause the composition to fluoresce in a pattern indicative of physical forensic evidence. The pattern indicative of physical forensic evidence can then be captured. The composition can be made by combining a rare-earth metal, a chelator, and a solvent to form a solution, precipitating the rare-earth metal and the chelator in the solution, and isolating the precipitate of the rare-earth metal and the chelator from a remainder of the solution. The resulting composition includes a porous metal-organic framework of a rare-earth metal and a chelator, where the pores range in diameter from about 0.01 nm to about 50 nm.

A phosphor, combined with LED having not exceeding 470 nm, of high emission intensity and with chemical and thermal stability is provided. The phosphor according to the present invention comprises an inorganic compound in which element A (A is one or two or more kinds of elements selected from Mn, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, and Yb) is solid solved in an inorganic crystal including at least metal element M and non-metal element X and represented by M.sub.nX.sub.n+1 (3n5), an inorganic crystal having the same crystal structure, or an inorganic crystal including a solid solution thereof. Here, M comprises at least Al and Si, and if necessary element L (L is a metal element other than Al and Si) and X comprises N, O if necessary, and element Z if necessary (Z is a non-metal element other than N and O).

The invention provides a lighting device (100) comprising a solid state light source (10) configured to provide blue light (11) having a dominant wavelength selected from the range of 440-490 nm, a first luminescent material (210) configured to convert part of the blue light (11) into first luminescent material light (211) having intensity in one or more of the green and yellow having a CIE u (211), and a second luminescent material (220) configured to convert part of one or more of the blue light (11) and the first luminescent material light (211) into second luminescent material light (221) having intensity in one or more of the orange and red having a CIE u (221), wherein the first luminescent material (210) and the second luminescent material (220) are selected to provide said first luminescent material light (211) and said second luminescent material light (221) defined by a maximum ratio of CIE u (211) and CIE u (221) being CIE u(221)=1.58*CIE u(211)+0.255, and a minimum ratio of CIE u (211) and CIE u (221) being CIE u(221)=2.3*CIE u(211)+0.04.