A photoelectric conversion compound is provided. The photoelectric conversion compound has a structure represented by formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein D represents an inorganic luminescent group; each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group; R.sup.4 represents a single bond or a C.sub.1-6 alkylene group; m represents an integer of 1-10; k represents an integer of 1-1,000; and n represents an integer of 1-10,000.

A card substrate laminating device including a transfer roller configured to heat a portion of a transfer layer of a transfer ribbon and transfer the portion of the transfer layer from a carrier layer of the transfer ribbon to a surface of a card substrate. The transfer roller includes a diameter of less than 0.537 inches and a compliant exterior surface layer or coating. The compliant exterior surface layer or coating can include silicon rubber. The compliant exterior surface layer or coating can be approximately 0.020 inches thick. An internal heating element is configured to heat the transfer roller from an ambient temperature to a laminating temperature, at which laminating operations are performed, within 40 seconds.

Disclosed is a colored luminescent composite pigment including an association of at least one luminescent pigment having an average particle size of between 50 and 2000 μm and at least one coloring agent. Also disclosed are compositions and materials including the pigment, to the method for the production thereof and to the use of same for coloring materials, particularly of a hydraulic binder composition.

An article comprising a luminescent nanoparticle is described, wherein the luminescent nanoparticle is selected from the group consisting of oxide nanoparticles, aluminate nanoparticles, and germanate nanoparticles; and wherein the luminescent nanoparticle is doped with one or more metals or rare-earth elements. A method of making a luminescent nanoparticle is also described, the method comprising the steps of: providing a nanoparticle, doping the nanoparticle with one or more chemical elements, heating the nanoparticle to a temperature of between about 1000° C. and about 1200° C. to alter the crystal structure of the nanoparticle and/or to create oxygen vacancies in the nanoparticle. A persistent luminescent nanoparticle is described, said persistent luminescent nanoparticle being selected from the group consisting of: LaAlO.sub.3 nanoparticles, Gd.sub.2O.sub.3 nanoparticles, SrAl.sub.2O.sub.4 nanoparticles, Y.sub.2O.sub.3 nanoparticles, and combinations thereof; wherein the nanoparticle is doped with about 1% or less of a chemical element selected from the group consisting of: holmium, europium, ytterbium, neodymium, magnesium, and combinations thereof.

The invention discloses environment-controlling fibers, method manufacturing the same and fabrics using the same, which adopts polyolefin material, optoelectronic material, thermoelectric material, piezoelectric material and catalyst material, to make fibers and fabric by melting, mixing, drawing and weaving. The fabrics are used in all kinds of environmental control products or for organic agriculture. To use green energy such as solar light energy, solar thermal energy, wind energy, hydro energy, geothermal energy and other renewable energy to stimulate the function of the special material within the fibers, so that the fabrics can remove pollutants in the environment and produce self-purification function to achieve the purpose of improving the environmental conditions or promote plant growth.

The light source is based on a high-efficiency solid-state laser source of the excitation coherent radiation and a single crystal phosphor which is machined in a form of an optic element for emitted light parameterisation. The single crystal phosphor is produced from a single crystal material on the basis of garnets of the (A.sub.x, Lu.sub.1-x).sub.aAl.sub.bO.sub.12:Ce.sub.c general formula or from a single crystal material on the basis of perovskite structure of the B.sub.1-qAlO.sub.3:D.sub.q general formula. The efficient light source shall be utilized e.g. in the automotive industry.

The present invention provides a luminous body having an improved chemical resistance, and to a method for producing the same. The luminous body of the present invention contains a strontium-containing fluorescent particle in which a specified condensed phosphate is deposited in an amount of 0.2 to 15.0 wt %, and amorphous silica with which the surface of the fluorescent particle is coated. The luminous body of the present invention can be suitably produced by obtaining a condensed phosphate-coated fluorescent particle in which a specified condensed phosphate is deposited on the surface of the strontium-containing fluorescent particle in an amount of 0.2 to 15.0 wt %, washing the resulting solid with water until the electrical conductivity conductivity comes to be 450 μS or less, and adding sodium silicate and an acid to a slurry in which the particle is dispersed in water to deposit amorphous silica.

An inorganic oxide of the present invention has a composition represented by General formula (1): M.sub.2LnX.sub.2(AlO.sub.4).sub.3 (where M includes Ca, Ln includes Tb, and X includes at least either one of Zr and Hf). Then, a number of Tb atoms in General formula (1) is 0.1 or more to 1 or less. Moreover, a crystal structure of the inorganic oxide is a garnet structure. A phosphor made of this inorganic oxide is capable of being excited by short-wavelength visible light, and can radiate narrow-band green light.

A phosphorescent polycarbonate resin composition comprising, with respect to 100 parts by mass of a polycarbonate resin (A): 0.8 to 20 parts by mass of a red light-emitting phosphorescent material (B1) as a phosphorescent material (B), wherein an L* value measured in accordance with a following method (X) is 65 or more,

the method (X) including: under conditions of a cylinder temperature of 300° C., a mold temperature of 120° C., and a molding cycle of 45 seconds, measuring, with a color-difference meter, the L* of a 3 mm-thick portion of a specimen (in a form of a three-stage plate having a width of 50 mm, a length of 90 mm, and thicknesses of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm) obtained by injection molding of the phosphorescent polycarbonate resin composition, under following conditions based on JIS 28722:

Reflection measurement: D65 light source, 10-degree field of view

Measurement port: 30 ϕ

Specimen material holder: White

An emission enhancement structure having at least one energy augmentation structure; and an energy converter capable of receiving energy from an energy source, converting the energy and emitting therefrom a light of a different energy than the received energy. The energy converter is disposed in a vicinity of the at least one energy augmentation structure such that the emitted light is emitted with an intensity larger than if the converter were remote from the at least one energy augmentation structure. Also described are various uses for the energy emitters, energy augmentation structures and energy collectors in a wide array of fields.