A light-emitting element containing a light-emitting material with high light emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting element includes a high molecular material and a guest material. The high molecular material includes at least a first high molecular chain and a second high molecular chain. The guest material has a function of exhibiting fluorescence or converting triplet excitation energy into light emission. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain each include a first skeleton, a second skeleton, and a third skeleton, and the first skeleton and the second skeleton are bonded to each other through the third skeleton. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain have a function of forming an excited complex.

A long-persistent luminescence emitter containing a polymer that contains, relative to the total molar amount of an electron donor structural unit and an electron acceptor structural unit therein, 70 mol % or more of an electron donor structural unit and less than 30 mol % of an electron acceptor structural unit, or containing a polymer that contains, relative to the total molar amount of an electron donor structural unit and an electron acceptor structural unit therein. 70 mol % or more of an electron acceptor structural unit and less than 30 mol % of an electron donor structural unit. The emission decay after stopping light irradiation to the emitter is power law decay.

Water-soluble fluorescent polymeric dyes and polymeric tandem dyes are provided. The polymeric dyes include a water solvated light harvesting multi-chromophore having a conjugated segment of aryl and/or heteroaryl co-monomers. The molar ratio of the co-monomers can be adjusted to provide beneficial technical properties, such as increased water solubility and improved absorption and emission spectra. For instance, the conjugated segment can have a first co-monomer substituted with a water-soluble group (WSG) and a second co-monomer, wherein the first co-monomer is in an amount that is equal or greater than the amount of the second co-monomer, multi-chromophore. The polymeric tandem dyes further include a signaling chromophore covalently linked to the multi-chromophore in energy-receiving proximity therewith. Also provided are aggregation-resistant labeled specific binding members that include the subject water-soluble polymeric dyes. Methods of evaluating a sample for the presence of a target analyte and methods of labeling a target molecule in which the subject polymeric dyes find use are also provided. Systems and kits for practicing the subject methods are also provided.

A light-emitting element containing a light-emitting material with high light emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting element includes a high molecular material and a guest material. The high molecular material includes at least a first high molecular chain and a second high molecular chain. The guest material has a function of exhibiting fluorescence or converting triplet excitation energy into light emission. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain each include a first skeleton, a second skeleton, and a third skeleton, and the first skeleton and the second skeleton are bonded to each other through the third skeleton. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain have a function of forming an excited complex.

The present invention relates to a novel fluorene derivative having a structure of formula (I): wherein X is independently selected from a group consisting of Cl, Br, I, trifluoromethanesulfonate and 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonate; Y is a group of formula —(CH.sub.2).sub.n— where n is an integer ranging from 3 to 12; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from a group consisting of tert-butyl group, triphenylamine, carbazole and carbazole derivative. The invention further relates to a polymer obtained from the said novel fluorene derivative and methods for preparing the same, as well as their uses as materials for an organic light-emitting diode device.

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Disclosed are a structural color variable photonic crystal composite material and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, a photonic crystal composite material having various changes in color by external stimulation and controlling the color change, and a method of manufacturing the same. The structural color variable photonic crystal composite material includes a metal having a metal oxide layer formed on its surface, wherein the metal oxide layer includes a plurality of pores, and a variable material that swells and contracts within the pores by external stimulation.

Described are conjugated polymers and conjugated polymer nanoparticles formed therefrom. The conjugated polymers and conjugated polymer nanoparticles have a maximum emission of light that occurs within a tissue transparent window of the electromagnetic spectrum. These emission properties are particle-size independent. The sizes of the conjugated nanoparticles are controlled by altering the concentration of the conjugated polymer used to make conjugated polymer nanoparticles. Also described are methods of making conjugated polymer nanoparticles that have larger sizes than have been traditionally reported, involving a modified reprecipitation approach. The conjugated polymers and/or conjugated polymer nanoparticles can be used as fluorescent probes in biological imaging.

The present technology provides a coating system including a luminophoric material. The luminophoric material is a pyridine-containing ligand chosen from a substituted or unsubstituted bidentate pyridine compound, a substituted or unsubstituted tridentate pyridine compound, or a combination of two or more thereof. Alternatively, the luminophoric material may be a fluorescent dye. The coating system may include a topcoat material, a primer material, or a combination thereof.

Disclosed is composition comprising: a first fluorophore moiety, and nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles comprise: a first plurality of a first nanoparticle, the first nanoparticle comprising: a first outer surface, a first interior bulk, and a first polymer, wherein the first polymer is covalently bonded to the first fluorophore moiety within the first interior bulk of the first nanoparticle. Also disclosed is a composition comprising: a chelate moiety, and nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles comprise: a plurality of a chelate nanoparticle, the chelate nanoparticle comprising: an outer surface, an interior bulk, and a polymer, wherein the polymer is covalently bonded to the chelate moiety within the interior bulk of the chelate nanoparticle. Also disclosed are methods of making such compositions and using such composition for brain mapping and tracing of axonal projections.

A heterocyclic compound and an organic light-emitting device including the same are provided. The heterocyclic compound is represented by Formula 1:

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Details of R1, R2, R3, X1, L1, and a1 and b1 are provided in the disclosure.