A treatment process for remediating a contaminated liquid containing more than 5 ppm hydrogen sulfide, includes steps of: preparing a treatment solution containing an aqueous solution containing 1 hydroxide compound, in which a collective concentration of the 1 hydroxide compound in the aqueous solution is in a range of 35-55 weight percent and the aqueous solution constitutes at least 95% of the treatment solution; adding to the liquid an amount of an treatment solution sufficient to reduce a concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the contaminated liquid to 5 ppm based on stoichiometry of reactions between the 1 hydroxide compound and the hydrogen sulfide in the liquid; and dispersing the treatment solution in the liquid and allowing the treatment solution to react with the contaminated liquid for a period of time until a concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the liquid is reduced to 5 ppm.

In order to develop a high combustion heat and stable bio-oil for safer transportation. The present invention discloses a low carbon bio-oil, selected from the group consisting of a thermo-chemical oil product, a fatty acid containing bio-oil and a bio-alcohol. The invention also discloses a preparation method of preparing the low carbon bio-oil.

In order to develop a high combustion heat and stable bio-oil for safer transportation. The present invention discloses a low carbon bio-oil, selected from the group consisting of a thermo-chemical oil product, a fatty acid containing bio-oil and a bio-alcohol. The invention also discloses a preparation method of preparing the low carbon bio-oil.

A synthetic caustic composition for use in oil & gas industry activities, said composition comprising: metal hydroxides; an amino acid; urea; a sodium silicate and water.

A synthetic caustic composition for use in oil & gas industry activities, said composition comprising: metal hydroxides; an amino acid; urea; a sodium silicate and water.

A scavenging composition and method for scavenging hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans from fluids. The scavenging composition comprises an alkali metal nitrite and a nitrogen-containing scavenger, and optionally an inorganic base, as a hydrogen sulfide and/or a mercaptan scavenger for hydrocarbon fluids, particularly for crude oil, field oil, fuel oil, straight run distillates, cracked distillates, residual fuels, natural gas, petroleum associated gas and the like.

A treatment process for remediating a contaminated liquid containing more than 5 ppm hydrogen sulfide, includes steps of: preparing a treatment solution containing an aqueous solution containing 1 hydroxide compound, in which a collective concentration of the 1 hydroxide compound in the aqueous solution is in a range of 35-55 weight percent and the aqueous solution constitutes at least 95% of the treatment solution; adding to the liquid an amount of an treatment solution sufficient to reduce a concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the contaminated liquid to 5 ppm based on stoichiometry of reactions between the 1 hydroxide compound and the hydrogen sulfide in the liquid; and dispersing the treatment solution in the liquid and allowing the treatment solution to react with the contaminated liquid for a period of time until a concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the liquid is reduced to 5 ppm.

An aqueous caustic composition comprising: a caustic component; an additive adapted to provide an extended buffering effect to the caustic composition when such is exposed to acid; and water. Methods of using such compositions are also disclosed.

In order to develop a high combustion heat and stable bio-oil for safer transportation. The present invention discloses a low carbon bio-oil, selected from the group consisting of a thermo-chemical oil product, a fatty acid containing bio-oil and a bio-alcohol. The invention also discloses a preparation method of preparing the low carbon bio-oil.

Provided are methods and compositions for inhibiting carbonyl based fouling materials of basic wash systems. Said methods comprise contacting the hydrocarbon stream that is or will be subjected to said wash systems with water soluble or water dispersible copolymers. Said copolymers comprise repeat units of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as acrylic acid with other repeat units such as alkyl acrylates, allyl ethers, ethoxylated allyl repeat units, etc. In other embodiments, a third repeat unit is present and may comprise a hydrophobic moiety such as a styrene repeat unit.