Systems and methods to separate water and remove solids from a pre-treated and unfiltered renewable feedstock at or separate from a refinery. Such systems and methods may be used to provide a reduced-contaminant and reduced-solid renewable feedstock for further refining.

The invention generally relate to processes, systems, and methods for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon feeds containing one or more forms of mercury, e.g., the steam cracking of heavy oil, such as crude oil. Effluent from the pyrolysis is processed to remove various forms of mercury produced during the pyrolysis and/or carried over from the hydrocarbon feed.

The invention generally relate to processes, systems, and methods for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon feeds containing one or more forms of mercury, e.g., the steam cracking of heavy oil, such as crude oil. Effluent from the pyrolysis is processed to remove various forms of mercury produced during the pyrolysis and/or carried over from the hydrocarbon feed.

A crude oil demulsification system includes a vessel. A cyclonic separator is disposed outside the vessel. The cyclonic separator is configured to receive and separate phases of a multi-phase fluid stream into a gaseous stream and a liquid stream that includes a first liquid phase and a second liquid phase by inducing cyclonic flow. A heat exchanger is fluidically connected to the cyclonic separator. The heat exchanger is disposed outside the vessel, and is configured to receive the liquid stream and to heat the liquid stream by exchanging heat with a heating medium flowed through the heat exchanger. An electrostatic coalescer is fluidically connected to the heat exchanger and is disposed inside the vessel. The electrostatic coalescer is configured to receive the liquid stream heated by the heat exchanger and to demulsify the liquid stream by causing coalescence of liquid droplets of one of the first or second liquid phases.

A desalter/dehydrator system that comprises a pressure vessel, and first and second distribution headers disposed within the pressure vessel. The first distribution header is configured to inject an oil/water emulsion at a location within an electric field generated within the pressure vessel. The second distribution header is configured to inject the oil/water emulsion at a location below an electric field generated within the pressure vessel.

A desalter/dehydrator system that comprises a pressure vessel, and first and second distribution headers disposed within the pressure vessel. The first distribution header is configured to inject an oil/water emulsion at a location within an electric field generated within the pressure vessel. The second distribution header is configured to inject the oil/water emulsion at a location below an electric field generated within the pressure vessel.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide an aqueous reforming system and a method for upgrading heavy hydrocarbons. A hydrocarbon feed and a surfactant stream are combined to produce a first precursor stream. The first precursor stream and an alkali feed are combined to produce a second precursor stream. The second precursor stream and a transition metal feed are combined to produce a catalytic emulsion stream. The catalytic emulsion stream is heated to produce a catalytic suspension and a decomposition gas, where the decomposition gas is separated by a first separator. The catalytic suspension is combined with a preheated water stream to produce an aqueous reformer feed. The aqueous reformer feed is introduced to an aqueous reformer such that the heavy hydrocarbons undergo conversion reactions to produce an effluent stream. The effluent stream is introduced to a second separator to produce a heavy stream and a light stream. The light stream is introduced to a third separator to produce a gas stream, a distillate stream, and a spent water stream. Optionally, a portion of the distillate stream and the hydrocarbon feed can be combined to produce the first precursor stream such that the first precursor stream is in the absence of a surfactant.

The crude oil sludge treatment agent is mixed with crude oil sludge and water and used for treatment of the crude oil sludge under alkali conditions. The crude oil sludge treatment agent contains green rust. The crude oil sludge treatment agent may further contain either or both a metal and a metal ferrite. The metal and the metal of the metal ferrite are one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum, yttrium, zinc, copper, tin, chromium and silicon. The crude oil sludge treatment agent may also contain one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum ferrite, yttrium ferrite and zinc ferrite. The crude oil sludge treatment method includes a mixing step in which crude oil sludge, water and green rust are mixed under alkali conditions.

Methods and systems are provided for desalting wash water treatment and recycling processes and control of those processes. More specifically, treatment of wash water and wastewater streams using forward osmosis are provided. Additional methods and systems for desalting processes are provided, including recycling wash water. Methods for controlling operations of desalting systems and processes are provided.

Methods and systems are provided for desalting wash water treatment and recycling processes and control of those processes. More specifically, treatment of wash water and wastewater streams using forward osmosis are provided. Additional methods and systems for desalting processes are provided, including recycling wash water. Methods for controlling operations of desalting systems and processes are provided.