In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for producing aromatic compounds from pyrolysis gasoline comprising C.sub.5-C.sub.6 non-aromatic hydrocarbons includes aromatizing the pyrolysis gasoline in an aromatization unit, thereby converting the C.sub.5-C.sub.6 non-aromatic hydrocarbons to a first stream comprising benzene-toluene-xylenes (BTX); hydrotreating the first stream comprising BTX in a selective hydrotreatment unit, thereby producing a de-olefinated stream comprising BTX hydrodealkylating and transalkylating the de-olefinated stream comprising BTX in a hydrodealkylation-transalkylation unit, thereby producing a second stream comprising BTX, the second stream comprising BTX having a greater amount of benzene and xylenes than the first stream comprising BTX; and processing the second stream comprising BTX in an aromatics recovery complex, thereby producing the aromatic compounds from the pyrolysis gasoline, the aromatic compounds comprising benzene, toluene, and xylenes.

Presented is a selective hydrogenation catalyst and a method of making the catalyst. The catalyst comprises a carrier containing bi-metallic nanoparticles. The nanoparticles comprise a silver component and a palladium component. The catalyst is made by incorporating an aqueous dispersion of the bi-metallic nanoparticles onto a catalyst carrier followed by drying and calcining the carrier having incorporated therein the dispersion. The catalyst is used in the selective hydrogenation of highly unsaturated hydrocarbons contained olefin product streams.

In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for producing aromatic compounds from pyrolysis gasoline comprising C.sub.5-C.sub.6 non-aromatic hydrocarbons includes aromatizing the pyrolysis gasoline in an aromatization unit, thereby converting the C.sub.5-C.sub.6 non-aromatic hydrocarbons to a first stream comprising benzene-toluene-xylenes (BTX); hydrotreating the first stream comprising BTX in a selective hydrotreatment unit, thereby producing a de-olefinated stream comprising BTX; hydrodealkylating and transalkylating the de-olefinated stream comprising BTX in a hydrodealkylation-transalkylation unit, thereby producing a second stream comprising BTX, the second stream comprising BTX having a greater amount of benzene and xylenes than the first stream comprising BTX; and processing the second stream comprising BTX in an aromatics recovery complex, thereby producing the aromatic compounds from the pyrolysis gasoline, the aromatic compounds comprising benzene, toluene, and xylenes.

The present disclosure relates to a novel ruthenium oxide, a method of preparing the same, and a catalyst for selective hydrogenation of an aromatic compound or an unsaturated compound including the ruthenium oxide.

The present subject matter relates generally to methods for selectively saturating the unsaturated C.sub.2-C.sub.4. More specifically, the present subject matter relates to methods for saturating butadiene and butenes from a hydrocarbon stream before it is combined with a fresh feed and enters a reaction zone. Removing the unsaturates from the hydrocarbon stream before the hydrocarbon stream enters the reaction zone prevents the reactor internals from coking.

Producing C5 olefins from steam cracker C5 feeds may include reacting a mixed hydrocarbon stream comprising cyclopentadiene, C5 olefins, and C6+ hydrocarbons in a dimerization reactor where cyclopentadiene is dimerized to dicyclopentadiene. The dimerization reactor effluent may be separated into a fraction comprising the C6+ hydrocarbons and dicyclopentadiene and a second fraction comprising C5 olefins and C5 dienes. The second fraction, a saturated hydrocarbon diluent stream, and hydrogen may be fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system for concurrently separating linear C5 olefins from saturated hydrocarbon diluent, cyclic C5 olefins, and C5 dienes contained in the second fraction and selectively hydrogenating C5 dienes. An overhead distillate including the linear C5 olefins and a bottoms product including cyclic C5 olefins are recovered from the catalytic distillation reactor system. Other aspects of the C5 olefin systems and processes, including catalyst configurations and control schemes, are also described.

Producing C5 olefins from steam cracker C5 feeds may include reacting a mixed hydrocarbon stream comprising cyclopentadiene, C5 olefins, and C6+ hydrocarbons in a dimerization reactor where cyclopentadiene is dimerized to dicyclopentadiene. The dimerization reactor effluent may be separated into a fraction comprising the C6+ hydrocarbons and dicyclopentadiene and a second fraction comprising C5 olefins and C5 dienes. The second fraction, a saturated hydrocarbon diluent stream, and hydrogen may be fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system for concurrently separating linear C5 olefins from saturated hydrocarbon diluent, cyclic C5 olefins, and C5 dienes contained in the second fraction and selectively hydrogenating C5 dienes. An overhead distillate including the linear C5 olefins and a bottoms product including cyclic C5 olefins are recovered from the catalytic distillation reactor system. Other aspects of the C5 olefin systems and processes, including catalyst configurations and control schemes, are also described.

Provided is a conversion process for an organic oil, relating to the field of biomass utilization, energy and chemical industry. The conversion process is carried out in presence of an aqueous slurry and a catalyst selected from the group consisting of an iron oxide compound, a waste agent resulting from use of an iron oxide compound as desulfurizer, and a regeneration product of the waste agent, under a controlled molar ratio of iron element to sulfur element. It is found that free radical condensation polymerization of organic oil during cracking process can be blocked effectively by using carbonylation, and hydrogenation is achieved with active hydrogen produced from the conversion of CO and water. In the conversion process, organic material, especially biomass solid, can be directly converted without dehydration, and water can be additionally added to the biomass liquid or the mineral oil.

Provided is a conversion process for an organic oil, relating to the field of biomass utilization, energy and chemical industry. The conversion process is carried out in presence of an aqueous slurry and a catalyst selected from the group consisting of an iron oxide compound, a waste agent resulting from use of an iron oxide compound as desulfurizer, and a regeneration product of the waste agent, under a controlled molar ratio of iron element to sulfur element. It is found that free radical condensation polymerization of organic oil during cracking process can be blocked effectively by using carbonylation, and hydrogenation is achieved with active hydrogen produced from the conversion of CO and water. In the conversion process, organic material, especially biomass solid, can be directly converted without dehydration, and water can be additionally added to the biomass liquid or the mineral oil.

A process for purification a hydrocarbon stream including: (a) Providing a hydrocarbon stream having a diene value of at least 1.0, a bromine number of at least 5 g and containing at least 10 wt % of pyrolysis plastic oil; b) contacting the effluent obtained in step a) with a silica gel, clays, alkaline or alkaline earth metal oxide, iron oxide, ion exchange resins, active carbon, active aluminium oxide, molecular sieves, alkaline oxide and/or porous supports, and/or silica gel, or any mixture thereof; c) performing a first hydrotreating step; d) contacting the effluent obtained in step c) with silica gel, clays, alkaline or alkaline earth metal oxide, iron oxide, ion exchange resins, active carbon, active aluminium oxide, molecular sieves, alkaline oxide and/or porous supports and silica gel, or any mixture thereof; e) performing a second hydrotreating step; and f) recovering a purified hydrocarbon stream.