Disclosed is a pyrolysis system (1) comprising a pyrolysis reactor (2) arranged for producing pyrolysis gas and a first condensing unit (3) arranged to cool the pyrolysis gas to a first temperature to condense a first pyrolysis liquid (20). The system further comprises a second condensing unit (4) arranged to cool the pyrolysis gas to a second temperature to condense a second pyrolysis liquid (21), wherein the first temperature is higher than the second temperature. The system also comprises a return conduit (5) arranged to guide a portion of the pyrolysis gas back into the pyrolysis reactor (2) to drive the pyrolysis process, and heating means (6) arranged to increase the temperature of the portion of the pyrolysis gas before it reenters the pyrolysis reactor (2). The pyrolysis reactor (2) is a fixed bed counterflow pyrolysis reactor (2) comprising a pyrolysis gas outlet (7) arranged at an upper part (8) of the pyrolysis reactor (2) through which the produced pyrolysis gas leaves the pyrolysis reactor (2), a pyrolysis gas inlet (9) arranged at a lower part (10) of the pyrolysis reactor (2), through which the heated pyrolysis gas reenters the pyrolysis reactor (2), a feedstock inlet (11) arranged at the upper part (8) of the pyrolysis reactor (2) through which feedstock (19) enters the pyrolysis reactor (2) and a char outlet (12) arranged at the lower part (10) of the pyrolysis reactor (2), through which char produced in the pyrolysis reactor (2) leaves the pyrolysis reactor (2). Furthermore, a method for producing producing purified pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquids and use of a pyrolysis system (1) is disclosed.

A biomass conversion system is disclosed. The system comprises a syngas generator, a cleanup engine and a power producing engine. The power producing engine is coupled to a load, such as an electrical generator. Modifications to the cleanup engine to enhance performance are described. Additionally, methods of controlling the cleanup engine in response to changes in load are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the air-to-fuel ratio, and/or recirculation gases are varied. In other embodiments, a chemical synthesis reactor may be coupled to the output of the cleanup engine.

The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and a corresponding plant for removal of acidic gas constituents from crude synthesis gas which make it possible by treatment of shifted and of unshifted crude synthesis gas in the gas scrubbing process and by combination of the thus-obtained partial product streams to produce a plurality of gas products having different compositions. In addition, the invention ensures that the flash gases obtained during decompression of the laden scrubbing medium are utilized materially and/or energetically in advantageous fashion.

The present invention is directed to a unit and/or process for treating mill scale containing hydrocarbons, which improves emission levels and allows better control of the temperature during the heating stage. The unit and/or process comprises an indirect-fired rotary thermal reactor (2), a pre-treatment duct (18), a two-stage recovery unit wherein the first stage comprises an oil recovering assembly (4) and the second stage comprises an oil and water condensing unit (6), a coalescing oil filtration system (8) and a reactor combustion chamber (17) for recycled fuel.

A process for the manufacture of a useful product from carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics, the process comprising the steps of: continuously providing the carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics to a gasification zone; gasifying the carbonaceous feedstock in the gasification zone to obtain raw synthesis gas; sequentially removing ammoniacal, sulphurous and carbon dioxide impurities from the raw synthesis gas to form desulphurised gas and recovering carbon dioxide in substantially pure form; converting at least a portion of the desulphurised synthesis gas to a useful product. Despite having selected a more energy intensive sub-process i.e. physical absorption for removal of acid gas impurities, the overall power requirement of the facility is lower on account of lower steam requirements and thereby leading to a decrease in the carbon intensity score for the facility.

The present invention provides a process and apparatus for converting feedstock comprising biomass and/or carbon-containing solid waste material to synthesis gas. The process comprises supplying the feedstock to a gasifier comprising a fluidized bed zone and a post-gasification zone and contacting the feedstock with a gasification agent at a plurality of different operating temperatures based on the ash softening temperature of the feedstock and finally recovering the synthesis gas. The apparatus is configured to perform the process and comprises a plurality of nozzles arranged at an acute angle relative to a horizontal plane of the gasifier.

A method for processing feedstock is described, characterized in that incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock. In some embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste, such as municipal solid waste (MSW). In other embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass. In some instances, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% and greater suitable for conversion into biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids. The high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids may be upgraded to biogenic carbon liquid fuels. Alternatively, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover plastic material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% or less.

Clean, safe and efficient methods, systems, and processes for utilizing thermolysis methods to processes to convert various carpet, rug, polymeric materials and other waste sources, such as solid waste, tires, manure, auto shredder residue, glass and carbon fiber composite materials, municipal solid wastes, medical wastes, waste wood and the like into a Clean Fuel Gas and Char source are disclosed. The invention processes the carpet, rug, polymeric material to effectively shred and/or grind the waste source, such as post-consumer carpet remnants and waste, and then process using thermolysis methods to destroy and/or separate halogen and other dangerous components to provide a Clean Fuel Gas and Char source. Additional waste sources, such as solid waste, tires, manure, auto shredder residue, glass and carbon fiber composite materials, municipal solid wastes, medical wastes, waste wood and the like, are suitable for the processing of the invention disclosed.

The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and plant for purifying raw synthesis gas by physical absorption in methanol. A raw synthesis gas stream which includes hydrogen and carbon monoxide as desired constituents and water and acid gases as undesired constituents is admixed with methanol and subsequently cooled below the freezing point of water. According to the invention a liquid phase including methanol and water is separated from the cooled raw synthesis gas stream. Acid gases are removed from the remaining gaseous phase by physical absorption in methanol at elevated pressure. Separating the water from the raw synthesis gas stream before the absorption of the acid gases prevents larger amounts of water passing into the methanol circuit of the gas scrubbing process. This achieves savings in resources and certain plant parts may be smaller than is customary.

The present invention provides a process and apparatus for converting feedstock comprising biomass and/or carbon-containing solid waste material to synthesis gas. The process comprises supplying the feedstock to a gasifier comprising a fluidized bed zone and a post-gasification zone and contacting the feedstock with a gasification agent at a plurality of different operating temperatures based on the ash softening temperature of the feedstock and finally recovering the synthesis gas. The apparatus is configured to perform the process and comprises a plurality of nozzles arranged at an acute angle relative to a horizontal plane of the gasifier.