The invention provides a system and method for conversion of raw syngas and tars into refined syngas, while optionally minimizing the parasitic losses of the process and maximizing the usable energy density of the product syngas. The system includes a reactor including a refining chamber for refining syngas comprising one or more inlets configured to promote at least two flow zones: a central zone where syngas and air/process additives flow in a swirling pattern for mixing and combustion in the high temperature central zone; at least one peripheral zone within the reactor which forms a boundary layer of a buffering flow along the reactor walls, (b) plasma torches that inject plasma into the central zone, and (c) air injection patterns that create a recirculation zone to promotes mixing between the high temperature products at the core reaction zone of the vessel and the buffering layer, wherein in the central zone, syngas and air/process additives mixture are ignited in close proximity to the plasma arc, coming into contact with each other, concurrently, at the entrance to the reaction chamber and method of using the system.

The invention provides a system and method for conversion of raw syngas and tars into refined syngas, while optionally minimizing the parasitic losses of the process and maximizing the usable energy density of the product syngas. The system includes a reactor including a refining chamber for refining syngas comprising one or more inlets configured to promote at least two flow zones: a central zone where syngas and air/process additives flow in a swirling pattern for mixing and combustion in the high temperature central zone; at least one peripheral zone within the reactor which forms a boundary layer of a buffering flow along the reactor walls, (b) plasma torches that inject plasma into the central zone, and (c) air injection patterns that create a recirculation zone to promotes mixing between the high temperature products at the core reaction zone of the vessel and the buffering layer, wherein in the central zone, syngas and air/process additives mixture are ignited in close proximity to the plasma arc, coming into contact with each other, concurrently, at the entrance to the reaction chamber and method of using the system.

Electric-powered, closed-loop, continuous-feed, endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a shaftless auger. In another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a drag conveyor. In yet another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a distillation and/or fractionating stage. The endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods feature mechanisms for natural resource recovery, refining, and recycling, such as secondary recovery of metals, minerals, nutrients, and/or carbon char.

Electric-powered, closed-loop, continuous-feed, endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a shaftless auger. In another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a drag conveyor. In yet another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a distillation and/or fractionating stage. The endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods feature mechanisms for natural resource recovery, refining, and recycling, such as secondary recovery of metals, minerals, nutrients, and/or carbon char.

The present invention is intended to provide a gas purification apparatus and a gas purification method with an excellent thermal efficiency and capable of degrading COS at a high degradation rate. A gas purification apparatus configured to purify gas at least including COS, H.sub.2O, CO.sub.2, and H.sub.2S includes a COS treatment device which is provided with a COS conversion catalyst and configured to treat and degrade COS in the gas by hydrolysis, and H.sub.2O adjustment means configured to adjust the concentration of H.sub.2O in the gas to be introduced into the COS treatment device.

The present invention is intended to provide a gas purification apparatus and a gas purification method with an excellent thermal efficiency and capable of degrading COS at a high degradation rate. A gas purification apparatus configured to purify gas at least including COS, H.sub.2O, CO.sub.2, and H.sub.2S includes a COS treatment device which is provided with a COS conversion catalyst and configured to treat and degrade COS in the gas by hydrolysis, and H.sub.2O adjustment means configured to adjust the concentration of H.sub.2O in the gas to be introduced into the COS treatment device.

A catalyst for selectively oxidizing hydrogen sulfide to element sulfur, catalyst for burning tail-gas, and process for deeply catalytically oxidizing hydrogen sulfide to sulfur are disclosed. The catalyst for selectively oxidizing hydrogen sulfide to element sulfur is prepared by: 10-34% of iron trioxide and 60-84% of anatase titanium dioxide, and the balance being are auxiliary agents. Also a catalyst for burning tail-gas is prepared by: 48-78% of iron trioxide and 18-48% of anatase titanium dioxide, and the balance being auxiliary agents. The catalyst of the present invention has high selectivity and high sulfur recovery rate. An isothermal reactor and an adiabatic reactor of the present invention are connected in series and are filled with the above two catalysts for reactions, thus reducing total sulfur in the vented gas while having a high sulfur yield and conversion rate.

A method is provided for removing tar from a gas by contacting a first gas containing tar with a second gas containing oxygen for time period sufficient to effect oxidation of at least a portion of the tar in the first gas, thus producing an oxidized product gas that contains less tar than the first gas. The method can also include heating a fluidized particulate material in a combustor, introducing the heated fluidized particulate material from the combustor and a biomass feedstock into a gasifier, such that heat from the heated fluidized particulate material causes the gasification of at least a portion of the biomass feedstock to form a tar-containing product gas, the first gas may contain at least a portion of the tar-containing gas, and the tar-containing gas may be extracted from the gasifier prior to contacting the first gas with the second gas.

A method is provided for removing tar from a gas by contacting a first gas containing tar with a second gas containing oxygen for time period sufficient to effect oxidation of at least a portion of the tar in the first gas, thus producing an oxidized product gas that contains less tar than the first gas. The method can also include heating a fluidized particulate material in a combustor, introducing the heated fluidized particulate material from the combustor and a biomass feedstock into a gasifier, such that heat from the heated fluidized particulate material causes the gasification of at least a portion of the biomass feedstock to form a tar-containing product gas, the first gas may contain at least a portion of the tar-containing gas, and the tar-containing gas may be extracted from the gasifier prior to contacting the first gas with the second gas.

A product gas filter with a filter housing, into which product gas of a wood gas reactor is supplied, by means of a product gas line, and is discharged as clean gas through a clean gas line. Long-chain hydrocarbons in the product gas stream can be at least substantially reduced, and a high filter performance achieved, where the filter is divided gas-tight into two parts by a separating tray in such a way that the product gas line is delivered to the lower region and the clean gas line exits from the upper collecting space; at least two filter cartridges, each coupled individually to a compressed air line and compressed air source, project into the lower region; and a zeolite container is connected to the lower portion of the filter via a compressed air source connectable, Venturi nozzle and a lockable line.