Disclosed are multifunctional compounds represented by structural formula (I): ##STR00001##
methods of producing compounds represented by structural formula (I) and their use in inhibiting corrosion in corrodible material.

A quaternary ammonium compound of formula (I): wherein R.sup.0, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is each independently an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group; X is a linking group; R.sup.4 is an optionally substituted alkylene group; n is a positive integer; W is O.sup.− or OH; b is 1 when W is OH, and b is 2 when W is O.sup.−. ##STR00001##

Methods of reducing stochastic pre-ignition events and/or carbonaceous deposits in a gasoline-fueled engine by adding at least 10 ppm by weight of a compound having at least one alkyl succinic acid group to a gasoline fuel, wherein said compound is the product of (a) and (b), wherein:

(a) is an amine with at least one tertiary nitrogen, water, or a hydrocarbyl substituted alcohol; and

(b) is a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid and/or anhydride.

A fuel composition comprising as an additive the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid compound of formula (I): (I) or an anhydride thereof; and an alcohol having at least 5 carbon atoms; wherein each of n and m may be 0 or a positive integer.

##STR00001##

A fuel composition comprising as an additive the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid having no more than 5 carbon atoms per carboxylic acid group, or an anhydride thereof and an alcohol having at least 5 carbon atoms.

Diesel fuel composition comprising a diesel base fuel and at least one blowing agent wherein the blowing agent is selected from ester compounds, oxalate compounds and diazene compounds and wherein the blowing agent has a solubility in diesel base fuel at 25° C. of 100 mg/kg or greater, a decomposition temperature in the range from 50° C. to 300° C. as measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and wherein the diesel fuel composition has an evaporation rate of greater than that of the diesel base fuel as measured by acoustic levitation.

Disclosed are multifunctional compounds represented by structural formula (I):

##STR00001##

methods of producing compounds represented by structural formula (I) and their use in inhibiting corrosion in corrodible material.

A lubricity modifier for fuels contain a dicarboxylic acid monoester compound represented by formula (I). In formula (I), R.sub.1 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-6 divalent alkenyl group, or a group having a structure of —R.sub.3—R.sub.4—R.sub.5—; R.sub.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-40 hydrocarbyl group; R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 each independently represents a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-3 divalent alkyl group; and R.sub.4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-12 divalent alicyclic group.

##STR00001##

A Liquid, comprising an hydrophobic flavonoid derivative electrochemically non-active, that is capable of restoring its electrochemical activity, the concentration of the flavonoid derivative being 10 ppm by weight or less, and an organic substance in an amount of 90% by weight or more.

Aviation fuel formulations receive many benefits when a manganese-containing additive is incorporated in that composition. However, to the extent that the use of a manganese-containing compound may result in the formation of engine deposits during combustion, it is beneficial to further provide a scavenger compound to the fuel composition. This scavenger compound may include a phosphorus-containing compound, an organobromide compounds, and/or a tricarbonyl compound.