The instant disclosure provides a process for preparing a lubricant or fuel additive mixture where an oil of lubricating viscosity or fuel are blended with additives that are mixed via an acoustic mixer. The additives and oil of lubricating viscosity or fuel can mixed together or any component of the lubricant or fuel additive mixture can be mixed separately prior to mixing to form the final lubricant. The process provides for continuous mixing to form lubricant and/or fuel additive mixture final products.

Technologies for combusting hazardous compounds such as chemical warfare agents and related compounds are disclosed. In embodiments, the technologies include systems and methods for combusting such compounds in an internal combustion engine, such as a spark ignition internal combustion engine, a diesel engine, or the like. The technologies described herein further include components for treating an exhaust gas stream produced by combustion of hazardous compounds. In embodiments such components include a scrubber that utilizes a scrubbing media such as soil to removing acid gases from the exhaust stream.

Disulfide oil (DSO) compounds recovered as a by-product of the mercaptan oxidation of a hydrocarbon refinery feedstock and their oxidized derivatives, oxidized disulfide oils (ODSO) are effective as a diluent to lower the viscosity and thereby improve the pipeline transportation properties of heavy oils, and particularly of wellhead crude oil. The use of the DSO and/or ODSO compounds as diluents converts an otherwise extremely low value or waste oil product into a valuable commodity that has utility in improving the transportation properties of heavy oils, particularly in oil field pipeline applications.

Disulfide oil (DSO) compounds recovered as a by-product of the mercaptan oxidation of a hydrocarbon refinery feedstock and their oxidized derivatives, oxidized disulfide oils (ODSO) are effective as a diluent to lower the viscosity and thereby improve the pipeline transportation properties of heavy oils, and particularly of wellhead crude oil. The use of the DSO and/or ODSO compounds as diluents converts an otherwise extremely low value or waste oil product into a valuable commodity that has utility in improving the transportation properties of heavy oils, particularly in oil field pipeline applications.

A labelled methane, such as LNG, has methane and a tracer, in the form of a slush of liquids and solids. The invention especially relates to LNG having a tracer. The labelled methane may comprise, in addition to the tracer, an odorant, and a carrier for the odorant. The odorant is ethyl acetate and/or ethyl mercaptan. The carrier for the odorant is propane, n-butane, iso-butane, or a mixture of two or more thereof. A process for preparing the liquid or slush involves liquefying a gas comprising methane and tracer.

Technologies for combusting hazardous compounds such as chemical warfare agents and related compounds are disclosed. In embodiments, the technologies include systems and methods for combusting such compounds in an internal combustion engine, such as a spark ignition internal combustion engine, a diesel engine, or the like. The technologies described herein further include components for treating an exhaust gas stream produced by combustion of hazardous compounds. In embodiments such components include a scrubber that utilizes a scrubbing media such as soil to removing acid gases from the exhaust stream.

The present invention relates to a liquid comprising methane and a tracer, and to a slush of liquid and solids comprising methane and a tracer. The invention especially relates to LNG comprising a tracer. The LNG may comprise, in addition to the tracer, an odorant and a carrier for the odorant. The odorant is ethyl acrylate and/or ethyl mercaptan. The carrier for the odorant is propane, n-butane, iso-butane, or a mixture of two or more thereof. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing such a liquid or slush by liquefying a gas comprising methane and a tracer. The invention also relates to a process in which a tracer is added to a methane comprising liquid or slush.

A combustion process wherein a fuel, a comburent and a component B), sulphur or sulphur containing compounds, are fed to the combuster in an amount to have a molar ratio B/A.sup.I0.5, wherein: B is the sum by moles between the amount of sulphur present in component B)+the amount of sulphur (component B.sup.II)) contained in the fuel, A.sup.I is the sum by moles between the amount of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals (component A.sup.II)) contained in the fuel+the amount of the alkaline and/or alkaline earth metals (component A)) in the form of salts and/or oxides contained in component B), being the combustor isothermal and flameless.

A composition comprising a fuel and at least one compound characterized by Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein X is carbon, oxygen, or sulfur; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently are hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl; R.sup.3 and R.sup.3 each independently are hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.4 and R.sup.4 each independently are hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl; R.sup.5 and R.sup.5 each independently are a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 alkyl; R.sup.6 and R.sup.6 each independently are hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl; and R.sup.7 and R.sup.7 each independently are hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; and wherein the compound of Formula I when subjected to GC-MS using electron ionization at greater than about 70 eV produces at least one ion having a mass-to-charge ratio of from 300 to 600.

A composition comprising a fuel and at least one compound characterized by Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein X is carbon, oxygen, or sulfur; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently are hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl; R.sup.3 and R.sup.3 each independently are hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.4 and R.sup.4 each independently are hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl; R.sup.5 and R.sup.5 each independently are a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 alkyl; R.sup.6 and R.sup.6 each independently are hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl; and R.sup.7 and R.sup.7 each independently are hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; and wherein the compound of Formula I when subjected to GC-MS using electron ionization at greater than about 70 eV produces at least one ion having a mass-to-charge ratio of from 300 to 600.