Disclosed are methods of producing calcined coke from bio-oil from a biomass feedstock. Also disclosed are calcined cokes produced by such methods.

Processes for upgrading of a coal product and preparing of a purified coal product are provided. The process comprises the steps of: (i) providing a purified coal composition, wherein the composition is in the form of solid particles, and wherein at least about 90% by volume (% vol) of the solid particles are no greater than about 500 μm in diameter; and (ii) combining the purified coal composition with a solid coal feedstock, in order to create a combined solid-solid blend upgraded coal product.

A charcoal replacement solid energy fuel comprises wood particles substantially fully impregnated with a melt-flowable, natural, monolignol biopolymer derived from biomass which can be further processed into various shapes of briquettes, pellets and other shapes for grilling, heating/cooking, green coal energy and other applications. The material and its method of making are environmentally friendly, carbon neutral, and lower cost alternative to charcoal or traditional coal. The melt-flowable monolignol based material impregnated into the wood imparts significant water resistance, UV resistance, antimicrobial functionality, faster lighting and higher BTU/lb energy without the need to add carbonize wood or coal. The impregnated wood granules or particles can then be compressed, without the need for additional binder, into various homogenous charcoal briquette replacements, pellets, or shapes for grilling or green coal energy fuel.

Coke products configured to be combusted in a cupola furnace are disclosed herein. The coke products can include foundry coke products having a hydraulic diameter of at least 3.5″, egg coke products having a hydraulic diameter of 1.5-3.5″, and breeze coke products having a hydraulic diameter of 0.5-1.5″. Individual foundry coke products can comprise an oblong shape including a length of at least 4″, a width of at least 1.5″, and a length:width ratio of at least 2.0. In some embodiments, the length of individual coke products can be between 6-12″ and the width can be at least 2.5″. Additionally, the foundry coke products can have a Coke Reactivity Index (CRI) of at least 40%. The coke products can be made from a blend of coal and breeze coke products in horizontal ovens, such as horizontal heat recovery or horizontal non-recovery ovens.

Systems and methods of processing biomass include a conveyor unit associated with an inlet and/or outlet, a microwave generator, a microwave guide connecting the microwave generator to the conveyor unit that includes a microwave opening configured to receive microwave energy via the microwave guide, and a microwave suppression system including a tunnel associated with the material inlet and/or outlet, and including at least one flexible and/or movable microwave reflecting component within the tunnel, the microwave reflecting component configured to be deflected as biomass material passes through the tunnel and then returning to a resting, closed position when the biomass material is no longer passing through the tunnel. The conveyor unit is configured to receive and process the biomass material, including heating the biomass material to at least a first temperature by applying microwave energy to the biomass material.

A method and system reprocess soiled animal bedding material commingled with animal manure. In one aspect the soiled animal bedding material is separated in a shaker to send at least a preponderance of the manure to a holding tank. In another aspect the bedding is cleaned, rinsed and color is restored. The bedding material is subsequently dried and a bedding product, fertilizer product, and/or compacted product is formed. Alternatively, the bedding material is dried (without a compacting step) to form a product. In yet another aspect, the steps of separation, cleaning, rinsing and/or color restoration may be omitted.

A mixture for a natural fuel package is provided, having essentially a mass of combustible wood particles and particles of organs of a plant in the Cinnamomum genus as constituents which are bonded by compression, whereby upon ignition the said particles undergo decomposition to liberate the moisture, releasing an aromatic cinnamon fragrance and flavor which can be inhaled by persons present at the time of burning and tasted or consumed through the food cooked on such fuel resulting in medicinal and therapeutic effects.

Disclosed is a method for recycling a coal liquefaction residue. The method includes S1, drying a coal liquefaction residue and pulverizing to obtain a pulverized coal liquefaction residue; S2, subjecting the pulverized coal liquefaction residue to a solvothermal extraction in an autoclave to obtain an extract liquid and a residue; S3, distilling the extract liquid and recovering an organic solvent to obtain a solid extract.

A biofuel product having constituents selected from the group including fat, oil and/or grease components. A container is formed of a biodegradable material having a multiplicity of openings of a size and shape adapted for allowing the fat, oil and/or grease components to pass through the openings to an interior area of the container. An absorbent capture material is positioned in the container and holds a quantity of the fat, oil and/or grease. The container, capture material and fat, oil and/or grease collectively include the biofuel product.

A method to create a natural charcoal briquette is described herein. A wood material is collected and impurities are removed from the wood material. The wood material is dried at a temperature in a range of approximately 150° C. to approximately 200° C. to reach a moisture level in a range of approximately 3.7% to approximately 5.0%. The dried wood material is compressed in a shaped mold at approximately 300° C. and under 40 tons of pressure to form a charcoal briquette. The charcoal briquette is carbonized at a temperature in a range of approximately 700° C. to approximately 800° C. in a range of approximately 14 days to approximately 17 days. The charcoal briquette is then cooled for approximately 2 days prior to use or packaging.