The present invention provides a water-glycol hydraulic fluid composition comprising an alkanolamine compound according to the general formula (1), wherein the water-glycol hydraulic fluid composition comprises 20-60% by mass water, 20-60% by mass glycol, 0.6-1.2% by mass fatty acid lubricant, and 0.01-0.06% by mass alkaline hydroxide compound selected from potassium hydroxide and/or sodium hydroxide, and has an alkali reserve of 10-25, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 is a hydrocarbon group having 2 or more carbon atoms.

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The present invention provides a water-glycol hydraulic fluid composition comprising an alkanolamine compound according to the general formula (1), wherein the water-glycol hydraulic fluid composition comprises 20-60% by mass water, 20-60% by mass glycol, 0.6-1.2% by mass fatty acid lubricant, and 0.01-0.06% by mass alkaline hydroxide compound selected from potassium hydroxide and/or sodium hydroxide, and has an alkali reserve of 10-25, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 is a hydrocarbon group having 2 or more carbon atoms.

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A water-soluble working fluid of the invention is used for cutting a brittle material using a wire saw. The water-soluble working fluid is provided by blending water, alkylene oxide adduct of acethylene glycol, and glycols. The water-soluble working fluid of the invention is capable of providing favorable cutting accuracy when the brittle material is cut using a wire, and thus is suitable for cutting out a large-diameter wafer. The water-soluble working fluid of the invention is especially suitably applicable to an abrasive-grain-fixed wire saw.

A water-soluble working fluid of the invention is used for cutting a brittle material using a wire saw. The water-soluble working fluid is provided by blending water, alkylene oxide adduct of acethylene glycol, and glycols. The water-soluble working fluid of the invention is capable of providing favorable cutting accuracy when the brittle material is cut using a wire, and thus is suitable for cutting out a large-diameter wafer. The water-soluble working fluid of the invention is especially suitably applicable to an abrasive-grain-fixed wire saw.

A lubricant and binding agent for the production of feedstuff and the like and a system and method for use of the same are disclosed. In one embodiment of the method, an organic-based ingredient and a lubricant and binding agent are combined and subjected to a pellet-mill production process. The lubricant and binding agent includes about 15% to about 40% by weight of glycerin, about 0.005% to about 0.017% by weight of guar gum, about 0.009% to about 0.028% by weight of gum arabic, about 0.005% to about 0.017% by weight of aloe vera, and a balance by weight of water. The lubricant and binding agent increases production efficiency and pellet durability.

A lubricant and binding agent for the production of feedstuff and the like and a system and method for use of the same are disclosed. In one embodiment of the method, an organic-based ingredient and a lubricant and binding agent are combined and subjected to a pellet-mill production process. The lubricant and binding agent includes about 15% to about 40% by weight of glycerin, about 0.005% to about 0.017% by weight of guar gum, about 0.009% to about 0.028% by weight of gum arabic, about 0.005% to about 0.017% by weight of aloe vera, and a balance by weight of water. The lubricant and binding agent increases production efficiency and pellet durability.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method of making a lubricant composition for lapping a ceramic material. The method includes mixing a base lubricant component and a powdered wax composition component to form the lubricant composition. The powdered wax composition component includes a powdered wax dispersion or a powdered wax emulsion. The amount of powdered wax composition component mixed with the base lubricant component is from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight of the lubricant composition. Also disclosed herein are embodiments of related lubricant compositions and/or methods of using the lubricant to lap a ceramic substrate (e.g., one or more bars of sliders).

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method of making a lubricant composition for lapping a ceramic material. The method includes mixing a base lubricant component and a powdered wax composition component to form the lubricant composition. The powdered wax composition component includes a powdered wax dispersion or a powdered wax emulsion. The amount of powdered wax composition component mixed with the base lubricant component is from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight of the lubricant composition. Also disclosed herein are embodiments of related lubricant compositions and/or methods of using the lubricant to lap a ceramic substrate (e.g., one or more bars of sliders).

An ionic liquid composition having the following generic structural formula:

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wherein Z is N or P, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having one to four carbon atoms with optional interconnection to form a cyclic group that includes Z, and wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are all hydrocarbon groups when Z is P, and X.sup.− is a phosphorus-containing or carboxylate anion, particularly an organophosphate, organophosphonate, or organophosphinate anion, or a thio-substituted analog thereof containing hydrocarbon groups with at least three carbon atoms. Also described are lubricant compositions comprising the above ionic liquid and a base lubricant, wherein the ionic liquid is dissolved in the base lubricant. Further described are methods for applying the ionic liquid or lubricant composition onto a mechanical device for which lubrication is beneficial, with resulting improvement in friction reduction, wear rate, and/or corrosion inhibition.

The present invention relates to specific derivatives of dimer fatty acids, compositions comprising them and a method to reduce pour points.