The present invention provides a grease composition comprising (a) a base oil, (b) a thickener comprising a urea compound, (c) an amine antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on a total mass of the composition, and (d) a quinoline antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on the total mass of the composition.

The present invention provides a grease composition comprising (a) a base oil, (b) a thickener comprising a urea compound, (c) an amine antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on a total mass of the composition, and (d) a quinoline antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on the total mass of the composition.

A method for improving wear control, while maintaining or improving solubility and fuel efficiency, in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and at least one metal salt of a carboxylic acid, as a minor component; wherein the metal salt of the carboxylic acid contains no sulfur or phosphorus; wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), gold (Au), zinc (Zn), and mixtures thereof; wherein the carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, a cycloaliphatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic carboxylic acid, and mixtures thereof; wherein the molar ratio of (zinc+palladium+silver+gold)/phosphorus of said formulated oil is greater than 1.0. The lubricating oils are useful in internal combustion engines.

A method for improving wear control, while maintaining or improving solubility and fuel efficiency, in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and at least one metal salt of a carboxylic acid, as a minor component; wherein the metal salt of the carboxylic acid contains no sulfur or phosphorus; wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), gold (Au), zinc (Zn), and mixtures thereof; wherein the carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, a cycloaliphatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic carboxylic acid, and mixtures thereof; wherein the molar ratio of (zinc+palladium+silver+gold)/phosphorus of said formulated oil is greater than 1.0. The lubricating oils are useful in internal combustion engines.

The present invention provides a grease composition comprising (a) a base oil, (b) a thickener comprising a urea compound, (c) an amine antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on a total mass of the composition, and (d) a quinoline antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on the total mass of the composition.

The present invention provides a grease composition comprising (a) a base oil, (b) a thickener comprising a urea compound, (c) an amine antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on a total mass of the composition, and (d) a quinoline antioxidant at 0.5 to 5% by mass based on the total mass of the composition.

Methods of pre-conditioning and lubricating the rubbing surfaces of steel substrates are provided. The methods include a pre-conditioning step in which a hydrocarbon fluid having cycloalkane carboxylic acid additives dispersed therein is used to form a tribofilm on a rubbing surface of a device, following by replacing the pre-conditioning lubricant with a cycloalkane-carboxylic acid-free hydrocarbon lubricant for the regular operation of the device. The tribofilm formed during the pre-conditioning step provides long-term friction and wear reduction at the rubbing surfaces, even after it is replaced, and allows for the subsequent operation of the device without the need to change the composition of the regularly used lubricant.

Methods of pre-conditioning and lubricating the rubbing surfaces of steel substrates are provided. The methods include a pre-conditioning step in which a hydrocarbon fluid having cycloalkane carboxylic acid additives dispersed therein is used to form a tribofilm on a rubbing surface of a device, following by replacing the pre-conditioning lubricant with a cycloalkane-carboxylic acid-free hydrocarbon lubricant for the regular operation of the device. The tribofilm formed during the pre-conditioning step provides long-term friction and wear reduction at the rubbing surfaces, even after it is replaced, and allows for the subsequent operation of the device without the need to change the composition of the regularly used lubricant.

A lubricant composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A fuel composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine by using a fuel additive composition in a gasoline fuel composition. The fuel additive composition contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

A lubricant composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A fuel composition for high compression spark ignition engines that contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). A method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in an engine by using a fuel additive composition in a gasoline fuel composition. The fuel additive composition contains at least one bismuth-containing compound (e.g., a bismuth salt of a carboxylic acid). The lubricating oils of this disclosure are useful as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.