The invention relates to a microemulsion comprising water in an amount of 1-30 w %; sodium or potassium oleate, Na/K salts of tall oil fatty acid, and/or Na/K salts of C16-C18 saturated or unsaturated fatty acids in an amount of 10-40 w %; oleic acid, tall oil fatty acid, or C16-C18 saturated or unsaturated fatty acids in an amount of 2-40 w %; ethanol in an amount of 0-40 w %; glycerol in an amount of 5-40 w %; and liquid hydrocarbon(s) in an amount of 5-40 w %, up to a maximum or total of components parts of 100 w %. Moreover, methods of manufacture and uses of the microemulsion are disclosed.

The disclosed technology relates to lubricants for driveline and industrial gears containing a mono-ester or a mixture of mono- and di-esters, as well as a method of lubricating driveline and industrial gears with such a lubricant.

A water-soluble metalworking fluid composition and a method of using the same. The water-soluble metalworking fluid composition has the components (A), (B), and (C), where (A) is a fatty acid having a carbon atom number of 9-11, (B) is an unsaturated fatty acid having a carbon atom number of 16-22, and (C) is a polymeric fatty acid having an acid value of 10-200 mgKOH/g. (A) is 1-20 mass %, (B) is 30-60 mass %, and (C) is 35-55 mass %, based on the total amount of the components (A), (B) and (C). The water-soluble metalworking fluid composition maintains the workability while improving the mechanical fouling.

Provided are a lubricant composition for shock absorbers, a lubricant additive, and a method of adjusting friction characteristics of a lubricant composition for shock absorbers, each capable of satisfying both the operational stability and ride comfort. The lubricant composition for shock absorbers contains a base oil and a friction adjusting agent, the friction adjusting agent contains pentaerythritol esters, and the pentaerythritol esters contain a pentaerythritol tetraester and a pentaerythritol ester other than the pentaerythritol tetraester.

Disclosed herein is a method for pretreatment of a metallic substrate for a subsequent metal cold forming process, said method , and contacting at least one surface of the substrate with an aqueous lubricant composition (B). The aqueous lubricant composition (B) has a pH value in the range of from 0.1 to 6.0, and includes water in an amount of at least 40 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the composition (B), at least one film-forming polymer, at least one wax, at least one corrosion inhibitor , and oxalate and/or phosphate anions. Further disclosed herein are a pretreated metallic substrate obtainable by the aforementioned inventive method, a method of cold forming of a metallic substrate including a step of subjecting the inventive pretreated metallic substrate to a cold forming process, an aqueous lubricant composition (B), and a master batch for preparing the aqueous composition (B).

Disclosed herein is a method for pretreatment of a metallic substrate for a subsequent metal cold forming process, said method , and contacting at least one surface of the substrate with an aqueous lubricant composition (B). The aqueous lubricant composition (B) has a pH value in the range of from 0.1 to 6.0, and includes water in an amount of at least 40 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the composition (B), at least one film-forming polymer, at least one wax, at least one corrosion inhibitor , and oxalate and/or phosphate anions. Further disclosed herein are a pretreated metallic substrate obtainable by the aforementioned inventive method, a method of cold forming of a metallic substrate including a step of subjecting the inventive pretreated metallic substrate to a cold forming process, an aqueous lubricant composition (B), and a master batch for preparing the aqueous composition (B).

A gelling nanofluid and methods for manufacture are provided. The composition and methods for manufacture produce nanofluid gels so that the settlement of nanoparticles in a base fluid is improved due to the inhibition of particle movement in the gel. The nanofluid gel is produced by using a gelling agent which is either coated on the nanoparticles prior to dispersion in the base fluid or directly introduced in the base fluid.

A gelling nanofluid and methods for manufacture are provided. The composition and methods for manufacture produce nanofluid gels so that the settlement of nanoparticles in a base fluid is improved due to the inhibition of particle movement in the gel. The nanofluid gel is produced by using a gelling agent which is either coated on the nanoparticles prior to dispersion in the base fluid or directly introduced in the base fluid.

Lubricating compositions comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. The adduct formed has at least one N-alkyl group comprising at least one acyl. The lubricating composition also comprises a thiadiazole. Methods of lubricating a component of a farm tractor, off-highway vehicle or drivetrain comprising contacting the component with the lubricating composition comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by mixing an azole compound with an acrylic. Methods of reducing corrosion in a component. The use of an azole-acrylic adduct in a lubricating composition to reduce corrosion in a component.

Lubricating compositions comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. The adduct formed has at least one N-alkyl group comprising at least one acyl. The lubricating composition also comprises a thiadiazole. Methods of lubricating a component of a farm tractor, off-highway vehicle or drivetrain comprising contacting the component with the lubricating composition comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by mixing an azole compound with an acrylic. Methods of reducing corrosion in a component. The use of an azole-acrylic adduct in a lubricating composition to reduce corrosion in a component.