To provide an electro-rheological fluid and a cylinder device, which each can achieve both high heat resistance and a high ER effect. The electro-rheological fluid (300) of the present invention includes a fluid (30) and polyurethane particles (31) containing metal ion. The polyurethane particles (31) are each composed of polyol and two or more types of isocyanates. A hard segment ratio of the polyurethane particle (31) is 13 to 34%.

The present disclosure relates to microencapsulated friction modifiers additives used in lubricants or other solutions, to their preparation, and to the use thereof to improve fuel economy of the engines and machines by enhancing friction reduction and prolonging the friction reduction time period.

Provided are an electroviscous fluid exhibiting a high ER effect and having sufficient durability, and a cylinder device. An electroviscous fluid of the present invention includes a fluid and polyurethane particles containing metal ions. The polyurethane particles have a phase separation structure of a hard segment and a soft segment, and contain an additive increasing a urethane bond forming the hard segment.

A non-curable injectable ester containing packing material for use in the repair of leaking valves contains a calcium sulfonate grease containing at least one polyalphaolefin, an ester, an anti-wear/anti-galling agent, a binding/thickening agent and a plasticizing agent.

A non-curable injectable ester containing packing material for use in the repair of leaking valves contains a calcium sulfonate grease containing at least one polyalphaolefin, an ester, an anti-wear/anti-galling agent, a binding/thickening agent and a plasticizing agent.

The invention relates to a polymer or oligomer comprising a) An oligomeric or polymeric core comprising carbon atoms and at least one of oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms, and b) at least three hydrocarbyl terminal and/or pending groups having 12 to 100 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl groups are linked to the core via c) a linking moiety comprising i) a urethane group and ii) a group selected from urethane group, urea group, and biuret group.

A non-curable injectable ester containing packing material for use in the repair of leaking valves contains a calcium sulfonate grease containing at least one polyalphaolefin, an ester, an anti-wear/anti-galling agent, a binding/thickening agent and a plasticizing agent.

A lubricant material for assisting machining process comprising a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 5.0×10.sup.4 or more and 2.0×10.sup.5 or less.

There is provided a polymer or derivative thereof comprising a plurality of active amine groups in the backbone, wherein the polymer is a reaction product of a reaction between one or more bis-carbonates and one or more amine compounds having at least two terminal amino groups. Also provided are use of the polymer or derivative thereof and a method of preparing the polymer or derivative thereof.

An antifriction coating formulation composition comprising (a) a soluble resin, (b) an insoluble polymer, (c) optionally a solid lubricant, and (d) a solvent.