The present disclosure relates to a process for treating a feedstock containing tall oil, the process including separation of a light stream from the feedstock, followed by removal of a heavy fraction from the feedstock, in which process the separation of the light stream from the feedstock a fractionator is used and at least one product is collected from the light stream. The disclosure also relates to an apparatus for use in the process and use of a fractionator in dehydration of a feedstock containing tall oil.

The invention relates to a method for processing black liquor soap, particularly to a method for producing and recovering fatty acid esters and resin acids from black liquor soap. The method is based on a catalytic selective esterification of the soap.

Embodiments described herein provide a method, comprising routing a bio-oil to a mixing device; routing a wash material to the mixing device; using the mixing device to form a mixture from the bio-oil and the wash material; routing the mixture to an electrostatic separator; and applying an electric field to the mixture, in the electrostatic separator, to separate the wash material from the bio-oil.

The present invention relates to a process for treating a feedstock containing tall oil, the process including separation of a light stream from the feedstock, followed by removal of a heavy fraction from the feedstock , in which process the separation of the light stream from the feedstock a fractionator is used and at least one product is collected from the light stream . The invention also relates to an apparatus for use in the process and use of a fractionator in dehydration of a feedstock containing tall oil.

Method for purifying crude tall oil soap from black liquor, wherein a washing liquid is used, which washing liquid is either pH-regulated residual liquid from a tall oil producing processing step (180) or a pH-regulated aqueous solution of ash, wherein black liquor-containing crude tall oil soap is mixed with said washing liquid, and wherein the crude tall oil soap is then separated out from the resulting mixture. The method comprises the steps 1. performing a first coarse separation (120,130) of crude tall oil soap from said black liquor, so that a first crude tall oil soap fraction is formed; 2. mixing (140) the first crude tall oil soap fraction with washing liquid, so that a first diluted fraction is formed; and 3. performing a separation (150) of the first diluted fraction using a first centrifugal separator of purificator type, so that a second crude tall oil soap fraction is achieved. The second crude tall oil soap fraction comprises smaller contents of black liquor than the first crude tall oil soap fraction. The invention also relates to a system.

A process and apparatus for recovering crude tall oil are disclosed. Acidulation of a crude tall oil soap stream generates a spent acid stream that comprises lignin and entrained crude tall oil. By subjecting the spent acid stream to dissolved gas flotation, a lignin phase comprising entrained crude tall oil can be recovered and causticized, resulting in recovery of most of the crude tall oil that was present in the spent acid stream. A clarified spent acid stream is also generated, which can be treated with caustic and utilized for a soap washing process that integrates easily into the overall CTO recovery process. The apparatus comprises a crude tall oil acidulation unit, a dissolved gas flotation unit, a causticizing unit, and a soap separation unit. The inventive process marries dissolved gas flotation, a well-known water treatment process, with causticization of a recovered lignin phase, a step known from batch acidulation, to improve overall tall oil recovery from a continuous process.

A method for recovering bio-oil from an emulsified bio-oil process stream, by adding a chemical additive system to the emulsified bio-oil process stream, wherein the chemical additive system comprises at least one surfactant and at least one hydrophobic particulate not based on silica. Bio-oil recovered from the method. A bio-oil recovery system, including a supply of emulsified bio-oil, a supply of chemical additive, wherein the chemical additive comprises at least one surfactant and at least one hydrophobic particulate not based on silica, a treatment unit for combining the chemical additive system with the emulsified bio-oil, and a centrifuge system for dewatering the treated emulsion and producing a concentrated bio-oil.

The invention is characterised in the steps of a) performing a first separation of the mixture in a first centrifugal separator, resulting in a first heavy fraction comprised of the heavy phase with only small amounts of impurities in the form of the light phase and a first light fraction comprising of the light phase with impurities in form of the heavy phase; and b) performing a second separation of the first light fraction in a second hermetic centrifugal separator of purificator type, resulting in a second heavy fraction comprised of the heavy phase with impurities in the form of the light phase and a second light fraction comprised of the light phase with only small amounts of impurities in the form of the heavy phase. The invention also relates to a device.

The present invention pertains to a process for refining of crude tall oil (CTO). The process comprises fractionation under vacuum of a refined CTO into at least one stream of refined tall diesel (RTD) or tall oil fatty acids (TOFA), the RTD or TOFA comprises from 2-30% by volume of resin acids and from 20-90% by volume of fatty acids, and at least one stream of resin acid(s) (RA) comprising less than 5% by volume of fatty acids. The stream of RTD or TOFA is deoxygenated forming hydrocarbon compounds in a subsequent step. This invention also relates to a refined tall diesel. Furthermore, a process for the production of a refined tall diesel (RTD) composition, wherein crude sulphate turpentine(s) (CST) is added to the refined tall diesel (RTD) composition, is described.

A method and arrangement for separating tall oil products from a black liquor-containing boiling liquid that has been drained off, was produced within a kraft mill chip digester, and includes a fibrous cellulose material in a mixture with the black liquor and tall oil products, and where the boiling liquid is separated in a separation unit arranged to mechanically separate the boiling liquid into a fibrous cellulose material and a mixture of mixed black liquor and tall oil products, where the mixture of boiling liquid and tall oil products is brought to a separation tank, the separation tank being a gravity separation tank, and adapted to be emptied in a discontinuous manner of the tall oil product collected and concentrated therein, the tall oil products being floated on top of and above a fraction of mixed black liquor, where the tall oil products is brought to a centrifugal separator.