The invention provides an improved host strain for production of desired protein.

The invention provides an improved host strain for production of desired protein.

Methods of producing a hybrid organism. The methods include providing a first organism, providing a second organism, providing a fusing medium, combining the first organism and the second organism in or on the fusing medium to define a fusion environment, and initiating somatic fusion between the first organism and the second organism in the fusion environment to produce the hybrid organism. The first organism is either a plant organism or a fungus organism. The second organism is either a plant organism or a fungus organism. In some examples, the first organism is Tuber melanosporum . In certain examples, the second organism is either Panaeolus cambodginiensis or Panaeolus cyanescens . In some examples, the methods include incubating the hybrid organism, regenerating cell walls of the hybrid organism, and/or replicating the hybrid organism.

Methods of producing a hybrid organism. The methods include providing a first organism, providing a second organism, providing a fusing medium, combining the first organism and the second organism in or on the fusing medium to define a fusion environment, and initiating somatic fusion between the first organism and the second organism in the fusion environment to produce the hybrid organism. The first organism is either a plant organism or a fungus organism. The second organism is either a plant organism or a fungus organism. In some examples, the first organism is Tuber melanosporum . In certain examples, the second organism is either Panaeolus cambodginiensis or Panaeolus cyanescens . In some examples, the methods include incubating the hybrid organism, regenerating cell walls of the hybrid organism, and/or replicating the hybrid organism.

The invention is directed to methods involved in the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds. The invention provides cells engineered for the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds, where the engineered cells include one or more genetic modifications that increase flavonoid production by increasing metabolic flux to flavonoid precursors and/or reducing carbon losses resulting from the production of byproducts.

A highly efficient ethanol-fermentative yeast having high efficiency in ethanol production is provided without introducing a foreign gene. The highly efficient ethanol-fermentative yeast features a fermentative yeast effectively producing ethanol from pentose and hexose and being deposited to NITE Patent Microorganisms Depositary under the accession number NITE BP-01963.

A highly efficient ethanol-fermentative yeast having high efficiency in ethanol production is provided without introducing a foreign gene. The highly efficient ethanol-fermentative yeast features a fermentative yeast effectively producing ethanol from pentose and hexose and being deposited to NITE Patent Microorganisms Depositary under the accession number NITE BP-01963.

Compositions and methods are provided employing a helper strain system for promoting genetic alterations in a fungal host cell, e.g., a filamentous fungal host cell.

Compositions and methods are provided employing a helper strain system for promoting genetic alterations in a fungal host cell, e.g., a filamentous fungal host cell.

In exemplary implementations, transplantation of nucleic acids into cells occurs in microfluidic chambers. The nucleic acids may be large nucleic acid molecules with more than 100 kbp. In some cases, the microfluidic chambers have only one orifice that opens to a flow channel. In some cases, flow through a microfluidic chamber temporarily ceases due to closing one or more valves. Transplantation occurs during a period in which the contents of the chambers are shielded from shear forces. Diffusion, centrifugation, suction from a vacuum channel, or dead-end loading may be used to move cells or buffers into the chambers.