The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a non-ribosomal RNA-containing sample, which comprises a novel step for removing ribosomes. According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a non-ribosomal RNA-containing sample, which comprises the step (a) of splitting subunits of ribosomes and mRNAs in a sample containing mRNAs and ribosomes, and the step (b) of removing the subunits of ribosomes split in the step (a).

Provided herein are methods and compositions for screening using an in vitro transcription/translation (TXTL) system. In some embodiments, a screening method can include: providing a library of genetic candidates to be screened, each genetic candidate encoding one or more protein of interest; expressing each genetic candidate in an in vitro transcription/translation (TXTL) system, thereby producing a plurality of compositions each comprising the one or more protein of interest; and subjecting the plurality of compositions to an assay for assessing a desired phenotype, thereby determining whether the one or more protein of interest exhibits the desired phenotype.

The present invention is directed to a transgenic bacterium including at least one polynucleotide encoding a Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) proteinaceous toxin. Further provided are compositions comprising the bacterium of the invention as well as methods of using same, such as for controlling a pest insect.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present disclosure provides methods, compositions and systems for analyzing individual cells or cell populations through a partitioned analysis of contents of individual cells or cell populations, such as cancer cells and cells of the immune system. Individual cells or cell populations may be co-partitioned with processing reagents for accessing cellular contents, and for uniquely identifying the content of a given cell or cell population, and subsequently analyzing the content of the cell and characterizing it as having derived from an individual cell or cell population, including analysis and characterization of nucleic acid(s) from the cell through sequencing.

Described herein is a method for producing in vivo mRNA displayed proteins by linking of in vivo expressed proteins to in vivo expressed RNA sequences that enable specific downstream identification of the individual proteins through nucleic acid-based sequencing. RNA-protein linkage is enabled by fusing an RNA-binding domain (e.g., MS2 coat protein) to a protein of interest that is expressed in a cell or compartment in which is also expressed the RNA sequence harboring both the recognition element for the RNA-binding domain (e.g., MS2 stem-loop) and an identifying sequence that uniquely maps to the protein of interest. The identifying sequence can be the coding sequence corresponding to the protein of interest or any RNA barcode that by design uniquely corresponds to the protein of interest. As such, libraries of such in vivo mRNA displayed proteins can be assayed in parallel for a variety of protein behaviors and functions.

Aspects of the present disclosure include methods of producing modified polypeptides and modified polypeptide-ribosome or polypeptide-mRNA complexes, and methods of screening polynucleotide and polypeptide libraries. The present disclosure also provides polypeptide libraries useful in screening for single molecule phenotypes. Also provided are kits useful for producing polypeptides capable of being modified using methods disclosed herein.

Provided herein are methods for making targeted therapeutics. In several embodiments, the therapeutics are directed against soluble agents such as toxins, venoms, and/or other factors that alter physiological biopathways as well as methods of using such therapeutics to treat patients or patient populations to reduce, eliminate, or inactivate, detrimental soluble agents that such patients or patient populations have been exposed to. In several embodiments, the therapeutics are directed to patient-specific disease markers. In several embodiments, the methods comprise screening a library comprising proteins linked to their cognate mRNAs to identify mRNA-protein pairs that bind to the diseased cells, isolating one or more proteins from the identified mRNA-protein pairs, and conjugating the isolated protein(s) to a therapeutic agent.