A method for obtaining a composition for tissue regeneration, providing M2-macrophages, co-culturing the M2-macrophages with tissue-specific cells in serum free medium; and collecting the supernatant of the co-culture. The compositions obtained by this method are suitable in medicine regenerative treatments, able to regenerate injured tissue. These products are sterile cell-free physiological aqueous solutions that show specific tissue concentration patterns to provide optimal tissue-specific regenerative effects. The compositions may be stored for long periods cryopreserved or lyophilized until its use, avoiding any subsequent blood extraction from the cell-donor, the stored growth factors and/or cytokines biologically active after long-term storage. Moreover, the compositions may be potentially applied in both autologous and allogenic treatments.

A microcarrier for cell culture and expansion is provided. The microcarrier includes decellularized mammalian tissue. Further, the microcarrier has an average particle size ranging from about 10 micrometers to about 600 micrometers. A method of forming a decellularized mammalian tissue microcarrier for cell culture and expansion is also provided, along with a method for treating a mammalian tissue defect via a decellularized mammalian tissue microcarrier on which cells from the same tissue type as the decellularized mammalian tissue are expanded.

Provided are enriched tissue extracts and methods of making and using such extracts. The enriched tissue extracts contain biologically active components. Some extracts produced by the methods contain extracellular vesicles. The methods can involve administering a physical stress on a biological sample comprising live cells or otherwise stimulating the live cells of the biological sample. Also contemplated are methods in which the biological sample does not contain live cells. The biological sample is incubated in an extraction solution for a period of time sufficient for extraction of biologically active components from the biological sample. Methods of using the extracts, or extracellular vesicles isolated therefrom, therapeutically and for in vitro purposes are also provided.

A method of generating a population of cells useful for treating a nerve disease or disorder in a subject, the method comprising up-regulating a level of at least one exogenous miRNA in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or down-regulating a level of at least one miRNA using a polynucleotide agent that hybridizes to the miRNA, thereby generating the population of cells useful for treating the nerve disease or disorder. Isolated populations of cells with an astrocytic phenotype generated thereby and uses thereof are also provided.

Human progenitor T cells that are able to successfully engraft a murine thymus and differentiate into mature human T and NK cells are described. The human progenitor T cells have the phenotype CD34+CD7+CD 1aCD5 or CD34+CD7+CD1aCD5+ and are derived from human hematopoietic stem cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells by coculture with cells expressing a Notch receptor ligand (OP9-DL1 or OP9-DL4). Such cells are useful in a variety of applications including immune reconstitution, the treatment of immunodeficiencies and as carriers for genes used in gene therapy.

Human progenitor T cells that are able to successfully engraft a murine thymus and differentiate into mature human T and NK cells are described. The human progenitor T cells have the phenotype CD34+CD7+CD 1aCD5 or CD34+CD7+CD1aCD5+ and are derived from human hematopoietic stem cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells by coculture with cells expressing a Notch receptor ligand (OP9-DL1 or OP9-DL4). Such cells are useful in a variety of applications including immune reconstitution, the treatment of immunodeficiencies and as carriers for genes used in gene therapy.