The current disclosure relates to methods, compositions and kits for detecting modified adenosine in a target RNA molecule. Aspects relate to a method for detecting modified adenosine in a target ribonucleic acid (RNA) comprising contacting the target RNA with an adenosine deaminase enzyme (adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific) to generate a target RNA with deaminated adenosines and sequencing the target RNA with deaminated adenosines; wherein the modified adenosine is detected when the nucleotide sequence includes adenosine within a m6A motif.

The current disclosure relates to methods, compositions and kits for detecting modified adenosine in a target RNA molecule. Aspects relate to a method for detecting modified adenosine in a target ribonucleic acid (RNA) comprising contacting the target RNA with an adenosine deaminase enzyme (adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific) to generate a target RNA with deaminated adenosines and sequencing the target RNA with deaminated adenosines; wherein the modified adenosine is detected when the nucleotide sequence includes adenosine within a m6A motif.

Described herein are methyltransferase (MTase)-defective recombinant viruses as vaccines for human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3); as well as related materials and methods.

The present invention includes methyltransferase (MTase)-defective recombinant viruses as live vaccine candidates for human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3). Here the inventors provide the technical description for generating MTase-defective paramyxoviruses useful as immunogens, as well as related materials and methods.

Provided are compositions pharmaceutical compositions, comprising two or more virus-like particles (VLPs), wherein a first virus-like particle (VLP) comprises a first component comprising a respiratory syntactical virus (RSV) F protein ectodomain or antigenic variant thereof; and a second virus-like particle (VLP) comprises a first component comprising a comprises a human metapneumovirus (hMPV) F protein ectodomain or antigenic variant thereof. Further provided are methods of using said compositions for vaccination.

The present invention relates to a viral strain derived from the human metapneumovirus (hMPV) strain having a genome sequence represented by sequence SEQ ID NO. 1, wherein said genome sequence comprises the following genetic modifications: (i) inactivation of the endogenous gene coding for the SH protein and/or for the G protein, and (ii) presence of an exogenous nucleotide sequence coding for at least one extracellular domain of the F protein of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), said domain being wild-type or mutated.