The application generally relates to the attenuation of a RNA virus or of a clone thereof and involves the alteration of sequence space, more particularly the reduction, of mutational robustness of said RNA virus or clone. The means of the application are more particularly dedicated to the attenuation of an infectious RNA virus or clone, for the production of immunogenic composition or vaccine. More particularly, the means of the application involve the replacement of codon(s) by different codon(s), which is(are) selected to differ by only one nucleotide from a codon STOP, more particularly by different but synonymous codon(s), which is(are) selected to differ by only one nucleotide from a codon STOP.

A vaccine delivery method is presented that includes a composition including as one component a slurry matrix that is a liquid at room temperature and a gel at physiological pH, physiological salt concentrations and/or physiological temperatures and as a second component one or more antigens. Also included are methods of inducing an immune response in a subject and vaccinating a subject by administering such compositions.

The invention is directed to a vaccine comprising: i) coxsackie B virus CBV1 and CBV2, and ii) at least one coxsackie B virus selected from CBV3, CBV4, CBV5 and CBV6. The CBVs are present in the vaccine in inactivated form, in the form of a component of the virus or as an antibody against the virus. The vaccine is effective in preventing and treating type 1 diabetes. So is an anti-coxsackie B virus composition provided.

Disclosed herein are recombinant polypeptides derived from FBP1 and FBP2. Also disclosed herein are recombinant expression vectors and recombinant host cells for producing the aforesaid recombinant polypeptides. The recombinant polypeptides are proven to be useful and effective in producing a picornavirus with a type I internal ribosome entry site (IRES), so as to facilitate the preparation of a viral vaccine.

The present disclosure relates to viral vaccine formulations with enhanced stability and methods of use thereof.

The present invention is directed to improved methods of Enterovirus inactivation by formaldehyde in presence of tromethamine buffer resulting in maximum recovery of D-antigen. Subsequent adsorption of said sIPV on aluminium hydroxide provides significantly dose reduced sIPV compositions.

The present disclosure relates to hand, foot, and mouth disease vaccines and immunogenic compositions having one or more antigens from at least one virus that causes hand, foot, and mouth disease in humans, and methods of manufacture, formulation, and testing, and uses thereof.

Method for producing a defective interfering viral genome (DVG), defective interfering particles comprising the DVG, and methods and uses thereof.

The present invention provides EV71 virus-like particles and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises: connecting a P1 protein gene and a 3CD protease gene of an EV71 virus with a PMV plasmid to construct a PMV-P1-3CD recombinant expression plasmid; then transforming a Hansenula polymorpha AU-0501 expression strain with the PMV-P1-3CD recombinant expression plasmid to obtain an AU-PMV-P1-3CD recombinant expression strain; fermenting and culturing the recombinant expression strain, and inducing the recombinant expression strain to express the EV71 virus-like particle protein with methanol; centrifuging and collecting mycelia for homogeneous breakage at a high pressure; and purifying the supernatant through ion-exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography, and molecular sieve chromatography, so as to obtain EV71 virus-like particles.

The invention is directed to a vaccine comprising: i) coxsackie B virus CBV1 and CBV2, and ii) at least one coxsackie B virus selected from CBV3, CBV4, CBV5 and CBV6. The CBVs are present in the vaccine in inactivated form, in the form of a component of the virus or as an antibody against the virus. The vaccine is effective in preventing and treating type 1 diabetes. So is an anti-coxsackie B virus composition provided.