Provided is a method for the selective differentiation into M1 macrophages under a pressurized environment, and more particularly, a method for the selective differentiation of undifferentiated macrophages into M1 macrophages, the method including incubating the undifferentiated macrophages in an incubator under the pressurized environment. In addition, provided is a method for producing osteoclasts, the method including: incubating undifferentiated macrophages in an incubator under a pressurized environment to differentiate into M1 macrophages; and differentiating the differentiated M1 macrophages into osteoclasts.

A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) for the biomimetic study of the multicellular interactions of bone cells includes a PDMS substrate and cap, which together form one or more wells that are fluidly coupled by tubes. The wells are configured to support various bone cells and related cellular support substrates therein, while the tubes allow conditioned medium (CM), including soluble signals, and various other co-factors to be communicated among the various wells. By controlling the configuration among and between various bone cells in the wells, the temporal and spatial limitations associated with traditional in vivo bone tissue models is removed. In addition, the LOC enables a particular research objective to be studied by allowing the user to configure the arrangement of the wells/tubes of the LOC, so as to control the manner in which bone cell soluble signals, bone cell contact, and bone cell matrix interaction interplay.

The invention provides a composition comprising one or more bioactive peptides from collagen hydrolysate and use thereof for reducing joint and/or bone pain such as in arthritis or osteoarthritis. The invention also provides a use of the composition for inhibiting the activity and/or expression of osteoclasts, increasing the activity and/or expression of osteoblasts, or for the treatment and/or prevention of osteoclast-related diseases. The invention also provides a method for generating bioactive peptides from collagen hydrolysate in vitro.

A 3D decellularized bone scaffold seeded with cancer cells, such as prostate cancer cells or Ewing's sarcoma is provided. The three-dimensional includes Ewing's sarcoma (ES) tumor cells; and an engineered human bone scaffold. The engineered human bone scaffold further includes osteoblasts that secrete substance of the human bone, and osteoclasts that absorb bone tissue during growth and healing. The engineered human bone scaffold includes the tissue engineered three-dimensional model which recapitulates the osteolytic process. The engineered human bone scaffold is engineered by co-culturing of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The osteoblast is produced by cell differentiation process from mesenchymal stem cells. The osteoclast is produced by cell differentiation from human monocytes, wherein the human monocytes are isolated from buffy coats. The scaffold can be used with cancer cell lines to identify therapeutic targets to slow, stop, and reverse tumor growth and progression as well as to predict the efficacy of potential therapeutics.

A 3D decellularized bone scaffold seeded with cancer cells, such as prostate cancer cells or Ewing's sarcoma is provided. The three-dimensional includes Ewing's sarcoma (ES) tumor cells; and an engineered human bone scaffold. The engineered human bone scaffold further includes osteoblasts that secrete substance of the human bone, and osteoclasts that absorb bone tissue during growth and healing. The engineered human bone scaffold includes the tissue engineered three-dimensional model which recapitulates the osteolytic process. The engineered human bone scaffold is engineered by co-culturing of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The osteoblast is produced by cell differentiation process from mesenchymal stem cells. The osteoclast is produced by cell differentiation from human monocytes, wherein the human monocytes are isolated from buffy coats. The scaffold can be used with cancer cell lines to identify therapeutic targets to slow, stop, and reverse tumor growth and progression as well as to predict the efficacy of potential therapeutics.

Provided is a method for the selective differentiation into M1 macrophages under a pressurized environment, and more particularly, a method for the selective differentiation of undifferentiated macrophages into M1 macrophages, the method including incubating the undifferentiated macrophages in an incubator under the pressurized environment. In addition, provided is a method for producing osteoclasts, the method including: incubating undifferentiated macrophages in an incubator under a pressurized environment to differentiate into M1 macrophages; and differentiating the differentiated M1 macrophages into osteoclasts.

The present application relates to methods of activating a NK cells in vitro, ex vivo, and/or in vivo by an osteoclast cell (OC) and/or a dendritic cell, and methods of treating disease using these activated NK cells.

The present disclosure relates to a phage-based matrix for inducing stem cell differentiation and a method for preparing the same. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a composition for inducing differentiation of stem cells, which includes a phage-based matrix in which a gradient of stiffness is controlled by crosslinking a recombinant phage with a polymer, and a method for preparing a phage-based matrix for stem cell differentiation. According to the present invention, the method of the present disclosure provides a physical and mechanical niche environment created by the formation of a nanofibrous structure of the phage whose stiffness is controlled, thereby promoting the differentiation of stem cells into target cells. Therefore, it can be applied to a tissue matrix platform as a variety of conventional tissue engineering materials.

The present application relates to methods of activating a NK cells in vitro, ex vivo, and/or in vivo by an osteoclast cell (OC) and/or a dendritic cell, and methods of treating disease using these activated NK cells.

A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) for the biomimetic study of the multicellular interactions of bone cells includes a PDMS substrate and cap, which together form one or more wells that are fluidly coupled by tubes. The wells are configured to support various bone cells and related cellular support substrates therein, while the tubes allow conditioned medium (CM), including soluble signals, and various other co-factors to be communicated among the various wells. By controlling the configuration among and between various bone cells in the wells, the temporal and spatial limitations associated with traditional in vivo bone tissue models is removed. In addition, the LOC enables a particular research objective to be studied by allowing the user to configure the arrangement of the wells/tubes of the LOC, so as to control the manner in which bone cell soluble signals, bone cell contact, and bone cell matrix interaction interplay.