Some aspects of this disclosure provide compositions, methods, systems, and kits for controlling the activity of RNA-programmable endonucleases, such as Cas9, or for controlling the activity of proteins comprising a Cas9 variant fused to a functional effector domain, such as a nuclease, nickase, recombinase, deaminase, transcriptional activator, transcriptional repressor, or epigenetic modifying domain. For example, the inventive proteins provided comprise a ligand-dependent intein, the presence of which inhibits one or more activities of the protein (e.g., gRNA binding, enzymatic activity, target DNA binding). The binding of a ligand to the intein results in self-excision of the intein, restoring the activity of the protein.

The present invention relates to a cytochrome P450 enzyme comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3, or a variant thereof having an amino acid sequence having at least 95% identity thereto and having CYP450 activity. The cytochrome P450 enzyme provided herein was isolated from Streptomyces eurythermus NRRL 2539 and has a wide substrate range and high activity, and may be used to oxidate organic compounds.

The present invention includes a method of increasing, stimulating, inducing, promoting, enhancing or maintaining the genomic stability of a cell of a subject, the method comprising decreasing, reducing, inhibiting, suppressing, limiting or controlling loss of methylation of heterochromatin in the cell and/or modulating heterochromatin dysfunction in a cell of a subject, the method comprising activating, eliciting, stimulate ng, inducing, promoting, increasing or enhancing expression or activity in the cell of one or more DNA methyltransferase (DNMT).

Disclosed are novel hydroxylated psilocybin derivative compounds and pharmaceutical and recreational drug formulations containing the same. The compounds may be produced synthetically or biosynthetically.

Provided herein is a dual vector transfection system for the production of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV). The dual vector transfection system generally comprises: (1) a first nucleic acid vector comprising a first nucleotide sequence encoding an AAV Rep protein, a second nucleotide sequence comprising an rAAV genome comprising a transgene, and a third nucleotide sequence encoding an AAV capsid protein; and (2) a second nucleic acid vector comprising a helper virus gene.

TALEN compositions and methods of use are disclosed, which include using multiplexing compositions to create a targeted mutation in several genes at once, such as the FAD3 A/B/C genes, compositions to create a targeted mutation in a single gene, such as a gene encoding a FAD2 protein, and combinations thereof. The compositions and methods can provide gene-edited plants, plant parts, and plant cells that have improved characteristics compared to the corresponding unaltered plants, plant parts, or plant cells. For example, soybean plants, plant parts and plant cells that are capable of producing a seed with an oil having comparatively higher levels of oleic acid and lower levels of linoleic and linolenic acid than a corresponding seed lacking the targeted mutation are also provided.

The present invention relates generally to the field of recombinant fatty acid synthesis, particularly in transgenic plants. The application describes genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and provides methods and vectors for the manipulation of fatty acid composition of plant oils. In particular, the invention provides constructs for achieving the integration of multiple heterologous genes involved in fatty acid synthesis into the plant genome, such that the resulting plants produce altered levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Also described are methods for enhancing the expression of fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes by co-expressing a silencing suppressor within the plant storage organ.

The present invention relates to methods of synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in recombinant cells such as yeast or plant cells. Also provided are recombinant cells or plants which produce long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a group of new enzymes which possess desaturase or elongase activity that can be used in methods of synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. In particular, the present invention provides ω3 destaurases, Δ5 elongases and Δ6 desaturases with novel activities. Also provided are methods and DNA constructs for transiently and/or stably transforming cells, particularly plant cells, with multiple genes.

A method for increasing fungal resistance in a plant, a plant part, or a plant cell wherein the method comprises the step of increasing the production and/or accumulation of scopoletin and/or a derivative thereof in the plant, plant part, or plant cell in comparison to a wild type plant, wild type plant part, or wild type plant cell.

Variant phenylalanine hydroxylase polypeptides having substitutions at selected amino acid residues are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of using variant phenylalanine hydroxylase polypeptides, or polynucleotides encoding variant phenylalanine hydroxylase polypeptides, to treat disorders such as phenylketonuria.