Provided is a method of culturing one or more microorganisms. The method includes culturing one or more microorganisms in a medium comprising crude glycerol at a first concentration level, feeding to the media an additional amount of crude glycerol, once the first concentration of glycerol is reduced to a first threshold level, at a concentration sufficient to achieve the first concentration level, monitoring the crude glycerol concentration until the first concentration level of the crude glycerol is reduced to the first threshold level. The steps may be repeated until a desired microorganism cell density is achieved.

An enzymatic glycerolysis method to convert an oil having a first monoacylgycerol (MAG), diacylglycerol (DAG), triacylglycerol (TAG) and fatty acid composition into a structured fat is provided. The method comprising the steps of exposing the oil to glycerol in the presence of an enzyme catalyst under conditions sufficient to convert the triacylglycerols to mono- and/or di-acylglycerols; and cooling the oil to yield the structured fat having a second monoacylgycerol, diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol and fatty acid composition, wherein the fatty acid composition of the oil is essentially retained in the structured fat. The structured fat provides a healthy substitute for saturated fats in foods.

The invention provides a process of incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA/DHA into polar lipid molecules present in lecithin, which consists of: (a) an enzymatic exchange reaction between the fatty acids present in the polar lipids of lecithin and the omega-3 fatty acids present in concentrated fish oil, to obtain an oil with a high content of polar lipids and omega-3 fatty acids and (b) a stage of concentration of the polar lipid content of the oil obtained in stage a, by supercritical fractionation or molecular distillation.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising a 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterified oil product having a greater unsaturated-saturated-unsaturated (USU) fatty acid content on the glycerol moiety than the oil from which it was derived. In an embodiment, the starting oil is cottonseed oil and in USU the U is primarily linoleic acid and the S is primarily palmitic acid. Further, the present invention relates to a method for increasing the USU content in an oil, comprising performing 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterification of a regular starting oil wherein saturated-unsaturated-saturated (SUS) content is greater than the USU content in the starting oil prior to performing 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterification. Due to the greater USU content, the 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterified oil product has an increased melting temperature and solid fat content and therefore useful for margarines and food spreads as compared to the oil it was produced from.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising a 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterified oil product having a greater unsaturated-saturated-unsaturated (USU) fatty acid content on the glycerol moiety than the oil from which it was derived. In an embodiment, the starting oil is cottonseed oil and in USU the U is primarily linoleic acid and the S is primarily palmitic acid. Further, the present invention relates to a method for increasing the USU content in an oil, comprising performing 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterification of a regular starting oil wherein saturated-unsaturated-saturated (SUS) content is greater than the USU content in the starting oil prior to performing 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterification. Due to the greater USU content, the 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterified oil product has an increased melting temperature and solid fat content and therefore useful for margarines and food spreads as compared to the oil it was produced from.

The present disclosure discloses a method for increasing the usage efficiency of a lipase in the enzymatic reaction, belonging to the technical field of food processing. In the present disclosure, the peroxide value of raw materials required for enzymatic synthesis of a structured lipid is reduced by a distillation method or an adsorption method, and then the raw material and a lipase undergo catalytic reaction to synthesize the structured lipid, so as to maintain the activity of the lipase and increase the reuse rate of the enzyme. The distillation method includes deodorization and molecular distillation. The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a structured lipid by a high efficiency and low-cost enzymatic synthesis, addressing to the issues such as large enzyme consumption, expansive cost, low enzyme utilization rate in the traditional industrial production. Therefore, the method provided by the present disclosure has certain development potential and practical significance.

The present invention concerns an enzymatic process for the preparation of an ingredient comprising 1,3-Olein-2-palmitin (OPO), the most abundant triglyceride present in human breast milk. This is achieved by using immobilized lipase from Ther-momyces lanuginosis for producing 1,3-olein-2-palmitin (1,3-Dioleate-2-palmitate-glycerol) using as substrate tripalmitin or triglycerides enriched in palmitic acid at SN-2 position by first alcoholysis in presence of C3 to C5 alcohol (butanol, pentanol, isopropanol) to produce 2-monopalmitin which is purified by selective crystallization at decreased temperature, followed by esterification using the same lipase and oleic acid.

The present invention concerns an enzymatic process for the preparation of an ingredient comprising 1,3-Olein-2-palmitin (OPO), the most abundant triglyceride present in human breast milk. This is achieved by using immobilized lipase from Ther-momyces lanuginosis for producing 1,3-olein-2-palmitin (1,3-Dioleate-2-palmitate-glycerol) using as substrate tripalmitin or triglycerides enriched in palmitic acid at SN-2 position by first alcoholysis in presence of C3 to C5 alcohol (butanol, pentanol, isopropanol) to produce 2-monopalmitin which is purified by selective crystallization at decreased temperature, followed by esterification using the same lipase and oleic acid.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing an effective new means for efficiently reducing the amount of diacylglycerol in a fat/oil (by conversion into triacylglycerol). Disclosed is a method for producing a fat/oil, including a step in which a lipase having a ratio of transesterification activity to hydrolysis activity of 0.007 or higher is caused to act on a diacylglycerol-containing fat/oil.

The invention relates to a microbial biomass composition produced from a heterotrophic fermentation whose fatty acid profile exhibits an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to arachidonic acid (ARA) ratio of about 11:1 or more, an EPA to total co-concentrating fatty acid ratio of about 8:1 or more, extract compositions, and methods of producing such compositions.