A computer implemented method of generating a machine learning model for interpreting host phage response data comprising receiving datasets and labels for a host phage response, training a machine learning model and using this model to estimate the efficacy of a test phage in inhibiting growth of a test bacteria.

Self-indicating chemistries are provided for visual detection by a user of efficacious levels of peroxycarboxylic acid concentrations in a solution produced in situ. The self-indicating chemistries include a combination of dyes providing a visual color indication, such as a tri-color indicator system, such as a yellow, green, and red color system indicating in situ threshold levels of peroxycarboxylic acid concentrations in a solution employing the self-indicating chemistry. Systems, kits and compositions for a quantitative assessment of an in situ perhydrolysis reaction to generate peroxycarboxylic acids are provided. Methods of use are further provided.

Self-indicating chemistries are provided for visual detection by a user of efficacious levels of peroxycarboxylic acid concentrations in a solution produced in situ. The self-indicating chemistries include a combination of dyes providing a visual color indication, such as a tri-color indicator system, such as a yellow, green, and red color system indicating in situ threshold levels of peroxycarboxylic acid concentrations in a solution employing the self-indicating chemistry. Systems, kits and compositions for a quantitative assessment of an in situ perhydrolysis reaction to generate peroxycarboxylic acids are provided. Methods of use are further provided.

Aspects of the present disclosure include methods and systems for automated analysis of clinical fluid samples, such as urine, blood, or cerebral spinal fluid, where the number of fluid samples in increased or optimized without negatively impacting the accuracy of the analysis of a given fluid sample.

The present disclosure provides a novel integrated entropy-based method that combines genome-wide profiling and network analyses for diagnostic and prognostic applications. The present disclosure further provides the integration of multiomics datasets, network analyses and machine learning that enable predictions on diagnosing infectious diseases and predicting the probability that they will escape treatment/the host immune system and/or become antibiotic resistant. The present disclosure provides a primary gateway towards the development of highly accurate infectious disease prognostics.

The present disclosure provides a novel integrated entropy-based method that combines genome-wide profiling and network analyses for diagnostic and prognostic applications. The present disclosure further provides the integration of multiomics datasets, network analyses and machine learning that enable predictions on diagnosing infectious diseases and predicting the probability that they will escape treatment/the host immune system and/or become antibiotic resistant. The present disclosure provides a primary gateway towards the development of highly accurate infectious disease prognostics.

A method for screening substances for their ability to reduce malodours from emanations from an animal, said method comprising determining the effect of said substances on the C-S lyase activity of bacteria that emit volatile sulphuric compounds (VSCs), by contacting a test substance with a sample comprising said bacteria or a supernatant obtainable from a culture of said bacteria in the presence of a substrate for a C-S lyase, detecting the levels of thiol production from said bacteria, and comparing the results with those obtained from similar bacteria in the absence of said substance.

A method for screening substances for their ability to reduce malodours from emanations from an animal, said method comprising determining the effect of said substances on the C-S lyase activity of bacteria that emit volatile sulphuric compounds (VSCs), by contacting a test substance with a sample comprising said bacteria or a supernatant obtainable from a culture of said bacteria in the presence of a substrate for a C-S lyase, detecting the levels of thiol production from said bacteria, and comparing the results with those obtained from similar bacteria in the absence of said substance.

The present disclosure provides modified bacteria and modified peptidoglycan comprising modified D-amino acids; compositions comprising the modified bacteria or peptidoglycan; and methods of using the modified bacteria or peptidoglycan. The modified D-amino acids include a bioorthogonal functional group such as an azide, an alkyne or a norbornene group. Also provided are modified peptidoglycans conjugated to a molecule of interest via a linker.

The present disclosure provides modified bacteria and modified peptidoglycan comprising modified D-amino acids; compositions comprising the modified bacteria or peptidoglycan; and methods of using the modified bacteria or peptidoglycan. The modified D-amino acids include a bioorthogonal functional group such as an azide, an alkyne or a norbornene group. Also provided are modified peptidoglycans conjugated to a molecule of interest via a linker.