Provided are a mycosporine-like amino acid-producing microorganism and a method for production of mycosporine-like amino acids by using same. The microorganism can produce mycosporine-like amino acids from xylose.

Described herein are recombinant host organisms having an active arabinose fermentation pathway and further comprising a heterologous polynucleotide a heterologous polynucleotide encoding a L-xylulose reductase (LXR). Also described are processes for 5 producing a fermentation product, such as ethanol, from starch or cellulosic-containing material with the recombinant host organisms.

The present invention relates to a recombinant microbial host for the production of xylitol, the recombinant microbial host containing a nucleic acid sequence encoding a NAD.sup.+-specific D-arabitol 4-oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.11) using D-arabitol as substrate and producing D-xylulose as product, and a nucleic acid sequence encoding a NADPH-specific xylitol dehydrogenase using D-xylulose as substrate and producing xylitol as product.

The invention relates to a recombinant cell, preferably a yeast cell comprising one or more genes coding for an enzyme having glycerol dehydrogenase activity, one or more genes coding dihydroxyacetone kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.28 and/or E.C. 2.7.1.29); one or more genes coding for an enzyme in an acetyl-CoA-production pathway and one or more genes coding for an enzyme having at least NAD.sup.+ dependent acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.2.1.10 or EC 1.1.1.2), and optionally one or more genes coding for a glycerol transporter. This cell can be used for the production of ethanol and advantageously produces little or no glycerol.

The present invention relates to a recombinant microbial host for the production of xylitol, the recombinant microbial host containing a nucleic acid sequence encoding an NAD+-specific D-arabitol 4-oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.11) using D-arabitol as substrate and producing D-xylulose as product, and a nucleic acid sequence encoding an NADPH-specific xylitol dehydrogenase using D-xylulose as substrate and producing xylitol as product.

The invention relates to a recombinant cell, preferably a yeast cell comprising one or more genes coding for an enzyme having glycerol dehydrogenase activity, one or more genes coding dihydroxyacetone kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.28 and/or E.C. 2.7.1.29); one or more genes coding for an enzyme in an acetyl-CoA-production pathway and one or more genes coding for an enzyme having at least NAD.sup.+ dependent acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.2.1.10 or EC 1.1.1.2), and optionally one or more genes coding for a glycerol transporter. This cell can be used for the production of ethanol and advantageously produces little or no glycerol.

The invention relates to engineering microbial cells for utilization of cellulosic materials as a carbon source, including xylose.

The present application discloses the identification of the novel K. marxianus xylose transporter genes KHT105 and RAG4, as well as the identification of a novel set of I. orientalis pentose phosphate pathway genes The present application further discloses a series of genetically modified yeast cells comprising various combinations of arabinose fermentation pathways, xylose fermentation pathways, pentose phosphate pathways, and/or xylose transporter genes, and methods of culturing these cells to produce ethanol in fermentation media containing xylose.

The present invention relates to a recombinant microbial host for the production of xylitol, the recombinant microbial host containing a nucleic acid sequence encoding an NAD+-specific D-arabitol 4-oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.11) using D-arabitol as substrate and producing D-xylulose as product, and a nucleic acid sequence encoding an NADPH-specific xylitol dehydrogenase using D-xylulose as substrate and producing xylitol as product.