The present disclosure concerns recombinant yeast host cells having a first genetic modification for downregulating a first metabolic pathway that converts NADP.sup.+ to NADPH, as well as a second genetic modification for upregulating a second metabolic pathway that converts NADP.sup.+ to NADPH. The second genetic modification allows the expression of a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase lacking phosphorylating activity, which can, in some embodiments, be from enzyme commission 1.2.1.9 or 1.2.1.90. The second pathway is distinct from the first metabolic pathway. The present disclosure also concerns a process for making and improving the yield of a fermented product, such as ethanol, using the recombinant yeast host cell.

The present disclosure relates to methods of detecting and treating inherited neuropathy.

The technology described herein is directed to combinations and combinations for reducing the symptoms of digestive conditions, e.g., caused by ingestion of FODMAPs.

The present disclosure relates to methods of detecting and treating inherited neuropathy.

The present disclosure relates to methods of detecting and treating inherited neuropathy.

The present invention discloses a method for promoting the fermentation of Gluconobacter oxydans to produce D-sorbitol dehydrogenase and pyrroloquinoline quinone. The method comprises: Gluconobacter oxydans is inoculated to a fermentation culture medium, fermented and cultured under the conditions of 28-32 C. and 150-180 rpm for 6-24 hours, the fermented solution is centrifuged, and wet bacteria are collected, thus acquiring bacteria cells containing D-sorbitol dehydrogenase and pyrroloquinoline quinone. The method promotes the synthesis of coenzyme pQQ and the enzyme activity of per unit volume D-sorbitol dehydrogenase, Gluconobacter oxydans cultured and acquired using the method is biotransformed to synthesize miglitol precursor 6-deoxy-6-amino(N-hydroxyethyl)--L-furan sorbose (6NSL), the conversion progress of the product 6NSL is increased by 21-35%, and a biotransformation step cycle is reduced from 48 hours to 36 hours. In addition, under a same substrate concentration (60 g/L), the cumulative concentration of the product 6NSL is increased by 10 g/L or more.

The invention relates to an in vitro cell-free expression system incorporating a novel inorganic polyphosphate-based energy regeneration system. In certain embodiments, the invention includes a cell-free expression system where the cellular energy source, ATP, is regenerated from inorganic polyphosphate using a dual enzyme system. In this embodiment, this dual enzyme system may include thermostable Adenosyl Kinase, and/or Polyphosphate Kinase enzymes.

Disclosed is a method for the isomerization of glucose by reduction to sorbitol and subsequent oxidation to fructose, in which the redox cofactors NAD.sup.+/NADH and NADP.sup.+/NADPH are regenerated in a one-pot-reaction, wherein one of the two redox cofactors is obtained in the reduced form thereof and the other redox cofactor in the oxidized form thereof as a result of at least two additional enzymatically catalyzed redox reactions (product forming reactions) taking place in the same reaction batch, wherein a) in the regeneration reaction, which transfers the reduced cofactor back to its originally oxidized form, oxygen or a compound of the general formula R.sub.1C(O)COOH is reduced, and b) in the regeneration reaction, which transfers the oxidized cofactor back to its originally reduced form, a compound of the general formula R.sub.2CH(OH)R.sub.3 is oxidized, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 have different meanings in the compounds, characterized in that a mixture of glucose and fructose is used as a starting material. Furthermore, the use of fructose thus produced in a method for producing furan derivatives is disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to methods of detecting and treating inherited neuropathy.

The present disclosure relates to methods of detecting and treating inherited neuropathy.