The present invention relates to genetically modified microorganisms comprising one or more heterologous nucleic acid molecules together encoding at least three different proteins, each protein comprising an enzymatic domain and a bacterial microcompartment-targeting signal polypeptide, wherein said enzymatic domains each catalyse a different substrate to product conversion in the same metabolic pathway, and wherein said microorganisms are essentially free of bacterial microcompartments (BMCs); and to cell free systems comprising aggregates comprising at least three different proteins, each protein comprising an enzymatic domain and a bacterial microcompartment-targeting signal polypeptide, wherein said enzymatic domains each catalyse a different substrate to product conversion in the same metabolic pathway, and wherein said system does not comprise bacterial microcompartments; and to methods for the production of said microorganisms and cell free systems and their use in methods of producing a product of interest.

The present invention relates to new lactaldehyde reductase (LAR) enzymes useful for the production of 1,2-propanediol and to microorganisms overexpressing said enzymes. The invention also relates to a method for producing 1,2-propanediol by converting lactaldehyde into 1,2-propanediol with said enzymes.

Methods and materials for the production of diol alcohols, such as 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) and derivatives and compounds related thereto. Also provided are products produced in accordance with these methods and materials.

The present invention relates to genetically modified microorganisms comprising one or more heterologous nucleic acid molecules together encoding at least three different proteins, each protein comprising an enzymatic domain and a bacterial microcompartment-targeting signal polypeptide, wherein said enzymatic domains each catalyse a different substrate to product conversion in the same metabolic pathway, and wherein said microorganisms are essentially free of bacterial microcompartments (BMCs); and to cell free systems comprising aggregates comprising at least three different proteins, each protein comprising an enzymatic domain and a bacterial microcompartment-targeting signal polypeptide, wherein said enzymatic domains each catalyse a different substrate to product conversion in the same metabolic pathway, and wherein said system does not comprise bacterial microcompartments; and to methods for the production of said microorganisms and cell free systems and their use in methods of producing a product of interest.

The present invention relates to new lactaldehyde reductase (LAR) enzymes useful for the production of 1,2-propane-diol and to microorganisms overexpressing said enzymes. The invention also relates to a method for producing 1,2-propanediol by converting lactaldehyde into 1,2-propanediol with said enzymes.

Disclosed herein are methods for producing tulipalin A (-methylene--butyrolactone), recombinant cells or organisms for producing tulipalin A, enzymes needed for producing tulipalin A, and nucleic acids for expression of those enzymes.